微藻高密度培养中的生长指标和适应机制  

Applications of growth parameters and adaptive mechanisms of microalgae cultured at high cell density

作　　者：张展[1] 刘建国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生物技术研究与发展中心

出　　处：《海洋水产研究》2003年第4期36-43,共8页Marine Fisheries Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(39970575);国家农业成果转化基金项目(02EFN216601213);青岛市科技攻关项目(02-1-RCHHH-57)

摘　　要：以雨生红球藻为材料,利用5 cm光径平板式光生物反应器,在室内人工光照、通气条件下,建立高密度培养体系,探讨了微藻高密度培养中的生长指标问题。结果发现,表述微藻生长的传统指标出现失真现象。如在高密度培养生物量增加时,叶绿素含量或细胞数目指标都在一定程度上与干重指标反映的生长信息相背离,甚至出现相反的变化趋势。这主要是由于随着密度增高,细胞间的互相遮蔽作用加剧,单个藻细胞所能获得的光能逐渐减少。细胞在适应光能减弱的过程中,无论藻细胞体积大小还是单个藻细胞叶绿素含量都发生了明显变化。因此,建议评估高密度体系中微藻细胞的生长状况时,应当充分地考虑高密度效应对藻细胞生物学特性的影响,从对多种生长指标的综合分析中获得正确、客观的生长信息。同时,作者还发现微藻细胞群体和个体之间存在两种完全不同的高密度适应机制,协同适应机制和争夺机制。The applications of traditional growth parameters of microalgae cultured at high cell-density were studied by using motile celis of a green alga Haematococcus pluvialis. Artificially il-luminated and aerated, utrahigh cell-density culture was fulfilled in a 5 cm high-path flat-photobiore-aator. After analyzing four most traditional growth parameters such as cell-number, chlorophyll, cell-size and dry weight, we discovered that none of the above parameters could completely and pre-cisely reflect the practical growth information in the high cell density system. For instance, either chlorophyll or cell-number in response to the increase in biomass might be deviated from the biomass change to certain degree,even might show an opposite varied trend. Further study showed that the reduction of light per cell caused by severe mutual shading in high cell density culture turns out to be the key reason. Both cell size and cell chlorophyll were modified obviously during the adaptation to the decrease of light per cell. So, the effect of high cell-density on physiological characteristics of mi-croalgae should be fully considered when assessing the growth state in high cell-density system. The studies also indicated that two different high cell-density adaptive mechanisms between mi-croalgae community and individuals existed as cooperative mechanism and competitive mechanism.

关 键 词：雨生红球藻 生长 高密度 适应机制 

分 类 号：S968.4[农业科学—水产养殖] Q949.2[农业科学—水产科学]