不同时期添加甜菜碱对肉鸡生产性能和脂肪代谢的影响  

Effect of Betaine on Broiler Product Performance and Fat Metabolism in Different Stage Supplement

作　　者：王俊东[1] 李俊平[2] 张建峰[1] 郝俊虎[1] 梁占学[1] 郭玉红[3] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物科技学院,山西太谷030801 [2]中国兽医药品监察所,北京010081 [3]华中农业大学动物科技学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2004年第1期87-91,共5页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：山西省归国留学生基金资助项目 ( 990 44 ) ;山西省自然科学基金资助项目 ( 9810 87)

摘　　要：36 0只 1日龄健康艾维茵 (Avian)肉鸡随机分为 6组 (每组 6 0只 ) ,分别为对照组和第 、 、 、 、 组 ,试验期7周。第 ～ 组分别于不同时期添加同一剂量的甜菜碱 (10 0 0 mg/ kg,0 .1% ) ,添加时间依次为 1～ 7周 ,2～ 4周 ,3～ 5周 ,4～ 6周 ,5～ 7周。结果表明 :不同时期添加甜菜碱均能促进肉鸡体增重 ,降低腹脂率 ,与对照组相比 ,第 、 、 、 、 组 7周末体质量分别高出 8.0 1% (P<0 .0 1)、5 .0 1% (P<0 .0 5 )、4 .4 7% (P<0 .0 5 )、2 .2 4 % (P>0 .0 5 )、2 .0 9% (P>0 .0 5 ) ;腹脂率分别降低 19.5 6 % (P<0 .0 1)、6 .0 9% (P<0 .0 5 )、13.4 8% (P<0 .0 1)、15 .6 5 % (P<0 .0 1)、12 .17% (P<0 .0 5 ) ;第 组体质量在第 3、4周末超过第 组 ,从 6周龄开始 ,各组间体质量差异逐渐缩小 ;试验组皮脂厚度 ,胸、腿肌中甘油三酯含量较对照组有不同程度增加 (厚 ) ,但肝脏中甘油三酯含量各试验组均低于对照组 ;血清生化指标动态变化呈现一定的规律性 ,其中血清总蛋白含量较稳定 ,总氨基酸含量随周龄逐渐升高 ,甘油三酯 5～ 6周高于 1～ 3周 ,游离脂肪酸含量随周龄呈下降趋势 ,血清尿酸呈现缓 U型变化曲线。结论 :(1)不同时期添加 0 .1%甜菜碱可促进肉鸡体增重 ,降低腹脂率 。Three hundred and sixty broilers,aged 1 day,were allotted to 6 groups randomly of 60 broilers each.All groups received the same basal diet.Ⅰ-Ⅴ groups(test groups)(supplemented with (1 000) mg/kg betaine respectively in different stage just as 1-7,2-4,3-5,4-6,5-7 weeks,and Ⅵ group used as the control group.The result indicated in the betaine groups the body weight increased by 8.01%(P<0.01),5.01%(P<0.05),4.47%(P<0.05),2.24%(P>0.05) and 2.09%(P>0.05) respectively,and the abdominal fat rate decreased by 19.56%(P<0.01),6.09%(P<0.05),13.48%(P<0.01),15.65%(P<0.01) and 12.17%(P<0.05) as compared with the control group by the end of the experiment.The body weight of group Ⅱ was higher than group Ⅰ at the end of 3 wk and 4 wk.After 6 wk,the difference of body weight between each group decreased gradually;The content of tricylglycerol in muscle in test groups had a rise but it decreased in liver;The change of serum biochemical indexes was regular relatively during the experiment though it was complicated between different groups.These results suggested that:(1)Betaine would result in the re-allocation of body fat by increasing the body weight gain and fat of muscle,and decreasing the abdominal fat of broiler;(2)betaine may be used to prevent fat liver;(3)betaine can enhance weight gain significantly in early growing period of broiler.

关 键 词：甜菜碱 肉鸡 脂肪代谢 生产性能 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]