气候变暖对黑龙江省灾害气候影响及减灾对策  

Influence of climate warming on hazardous climate in Heilongjiang and disaster mitigation countermeasures

作　　者：郑红[1] 郑凯[2] 张桂华[1] 周秀杰[1] 潘华盛[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省气象中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省人工影响天气中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2003年第4期150-154,共5页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：国家科技部资助项目(99011)

摘　　要：黑龙江省自上世纪80年代以来的20年里,年均温度较前30年上升了1℃。增温最大的季节是冬季,增温1.6℃,其次春季,夏秋季分列第3,4位;增温高值中心在呼玛。增温主要表现在最低气温的增高,年平均最低气温增高1.7℃,年较差变小1.16℃。气候变暖对灾害天气的影响包括:(1)风速减弱,大风次数减少;(2)暴雨次数增加;(3)干旱增强;(4)大涝次数减少;(5)低温次数减少;(6)初霜日后延;(7)寒潮次数减少;(8)大雪次数增加。针对这一情况,提出了防灾减灾的3项对策。In the last 20 years since 1980's,the climate has been obviously warming than that before thirty years and the mean annual temperature rises 1℃, The order of temperature increase from the most t the least is winter,spring,summer and autumn. The warming center is in Huma. the Temperature rise is mainly characterized as 1.7℃ increase of the lowest temperature and 1.16℃ decrease of annual temperature range. The influences of hazardous climate is as follows:(1)wind velocity has decreased ,heavy wind number has decreased ;(2)rainstorm number has increased;(3)heavy drought number has increased ;(4)flood number has decreased;(5) low temperature number has obviously decreased;(6)mean first frost day has postponed;(7)cold wave number has decreased;(8)heavy snow number has increased .According to that mentioned above three terms of measures on disaster prevention and mitigation are presented.

关 键 词：气候变暖 灾害天气 利 弊 影响 对策 

分 类 号：P429[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]