深圳市宝安区1993～2002年职业病发病情况分析  

The analysis of occupational disease data from 1993 to 2002 in Baoan district of Shenzhen city

作　　者：李萍[1] 林炳杰[2] 王声湧[1] 陈树涪[2] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学医学院流行病学教研室,广东广州510632 [2]深圳市宝安区卫生防疫站,518101

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2003年第6期8-10,共3页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：深圳市宝安区科技局立项 (项目号 :1 61 );宝安区财政局资助

摘　　要：目的　分析深圳市宝安区 1993～ 2 0 0 2年职业病发病和死亡情况 ,为做好职业病防治工作提供依据。方法　以 1993～ 2 0 0 2年诊断的职业病人为研究对象 ,分析职业病种类、患者年龄、性别、行业等构成特征 ,应用灰色关联分析法对职业病的发展态势进行量化比较。结果　 10年间共发生各类职业病和职业中毒 2 3 2例 ,女性居多 13 9例 (占 5 9 9% ) ,死亡 15例 ,病死率 6 5 % ,发病人数有逐步上升趋势。有机溶剂职业中毒所占的比例最大 (90 1% ) ,以正己烷和三氯乙烯职业危害为主 ,三氯乙烯致死人数最多 (11例 )。平均患病年龄 (2 4 1± 5 3 )岁 (16～ 42岁 )。职业中毒均发生在涉外企业 ,五金、电子、印刷、玩具及橡胶行业的比例最高。结论　三氯乙烯和正己烷等有机溶剂引起的职业损伤及矽肺是本区的主要职业危害 ,五金、电子、印刷、玩具及橡胶行业中的涉外企业应成为职业卫生工作的重点监控对象 。Objective To analyse the occupational disease data from 1993 to 2002 and provide basis for preventing and controlling occupational disease in Baoan district. Methods All patients of occupational disease and poisoning diagnosed in last ten years were chosen as studied objects, the disease categories, suffering age distribution, sex constitution, and trade distribution were analyzed. The development trend of incidence was assessed by grey related analysis. Results There were 232 occupational disease patients in last ten years and 15 of them died. The fatality rate was 6 5%. The incidence tended to increase gradually. 90 1% patients suffered from occupational poisoning by organic solvents, especially by n hexane and trichloroethylene (TCE). 11 people died of TCE poisoning. 139 patients were female (59 9%). Average suffering age was 24 1±5 3(16-42). Occupational poisoning all occurred in the industrial joint venture enterprises. Most patients belonged to the trades of hardware, electronic, printing, toy and rubber. Conclusion Occupational poisoning by organic solvents, such as n hexane and TCE, and silicosis were the main occupational hazards. The industrial joint venture enterprises belonging to the trades of hardware, electronic, printing, toy and rubber should be the key point objects for occupational hygiene surpervision. The occupational health of females and minors should be paid attention to.

关 键 词：职业病 职业中毒 有机溶剂 灰色关联分析 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]