水生植物控制湖泊底泥营养盐释放的效果与机理  

Effects and Mechanism of Hydrophytes on Control of Release of Nutrient Salts in Lake Sediment

作　　者：童昌华[1] 杨肖娥[1] 濮培民[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 [3]浙江大学环境与资源学院浙江杭州310029

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2003年第6期673-676,共4页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家科技部中澳合作项目"退化土-水生态系统的生物修复新技术体系研究-以中国太湖流域(莫干湖流域)为例"的一部分(国科外函犤2002犦168号)

摘　　要：通过人工模拟的方法,进行了用狐尾藻、凤眼莲2种水生植物来控制湖泊底泥营养盐释放的研究。结果表明,水生植物能有效抑制底泥中TN、TP、硝态氮和氨态氮的释放;沉水植物狐尾藻比漂浮植物凤眼莲的效果好。底泥采取物理处理(塑料包被)后在短期内(15～20d)能暂时控制底泥中营养盐的释放,但不能保持长久,并在随后表现出一定的“补偿效应”。物理措施如底泥包被不是控制底泥营养盐释放的有效方法和根本途径,水生植物修复才能有效抑制底泥中营养盐的释放,今后将成为控制底泥中营养盐释放的发展方向。With an artificial imitation, 2 aquatic plants named foxtail algae (Myriophyllum verticillatum L.) and hyacinth (Eichhornnia crassipes) were used to probe release of the nutrient salts in lake sediment. The results showed that hydrophytes could effectively control the release of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrate- nitrogen and ammonia- nitrogen. It has been found that efficacy of foxtail was better than that of hyacinth. The treatment with sediment wrapped by plastic could only control the release of nutrient salts for 15 to 20 days, and then would show the“ compensation effects” later. Therefore, it may be concluded that physical measure such as sediment wrapped was not an effective method or an ultimate approach to control the release of nutrient salts in lake sediment. However, phytoremediation could still work effectively and will become the main measure adopted in this areas in the future.

关 键 词：水生植物 湖泊 底泥营养盐 释放效果 释放机理 人工模拟 狐尾藻 凤眼莲 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]