东北黑土中CO_2和CH_4的排放量  

Emission of CO_2 and CH_4 from Black Soil in North-East China

作　　者：丁洪[1,2] 王跃思[3] 王德禄[4] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室(LAPC),北京100029 [3]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室(LAPC) [4]中国科学院海伦生态实验站

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2003年第6期720-723,共4页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(49901010);中科院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理;大气化学国家重点实验室开放课题(LAPC-KF-2002-09)

摘　　要：采用田间实验方法,研究了东北黑土中CO2和CH4的排放规律。田间测定结果表明,在东北黑土中有较大的CO2排放量,而且不同作物系统间的排放量有显著差异(P<0.05)。玉米在整个生长期土壤CO2排放总量为5258.1～6025.3kg·hm-2,大豆整个生长期排放总量为6513.1～7484.7kg·hm-2,土壤是大气中CO2的主要源之一。作物-土壤系统中CO2排放通量与气温有显著的正相关关系(P<0.05),与土壤水分之间无明显的相关性。CO2主要排放期出现在温度较高的6—8月份,温度是该地区CO2排放的主要限制因子。土壤-旱作系统中也产生CH4排放,不同作物系统中的排放量有显著差异(P<0.05),玉米地和大豆地中CH4的排放总量分别为1.13～2.14kg·hm-2和0.62～0.71kg·hm-2,总排放量不大,农田旱作系统可能不是甲烷的主要源。CH4的排放通量与温度和水分无明显的相关性。A field experiment was conducted to measure emission amount of CO2 and CH4 from maize and soybean- black soil systems in North- east China. The research results showed that emission amounts of CO2 were 5 258.1～ 6 025.3kg· hm- 2 from maize- black soil system, 6 513.1～ 7 484.7 kg· hm- 2 from soybean- black soil system, respectively. A significant difference of emission appeared between maize and soybean systems (P<0.05), and soil was one of main CO2 source. CO2 flux had a significant correlation with atmospheric temperature (P<0.05), but did not correlate with soil water content. The greater CO2 flux period appeared in June ～ August, and temperature was a main limited factor to influence CO2 emission in black soil region in North- east China. We also discovered that CH4 production from dryland soil- crop systems. The CH4 emission amounts were 1.13～ 2.14 kg· hm- 2 and 0.62～ 0.71kg· hm- 2 from maize- soil system and soybean- soil system, respectively, and the amounts were lower, but their differences were significant (P<0.05). It may be suggested that dryland- crop system not be a main source of CH4 production. CH4 flux correlated with neither atmospheric temperature nor soil water content in the field experiment.

关 键 词：东北地区 黑土 CO2 CH4 排放量 田间实验 作物系统 农田生态系统 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]