抗菌药物在儿童呼吸道感染中的使用及耐药性分析研究  

Child Respiratory Infection and Drug-resistance of the Pathogens:An Analysis of Antibiotics Use

作　　者：曾佑群[1] 吴扬[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学儿童医院,重庆400014

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2003年第12期1158-1160,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的　了解抗菌药物在儿童呼吸道感染的使用 ,并对常见细菌的耐药性进行分析。方法　抽取呼吸道感染患儿病历 4 4 7份 ,统计使用的抗菌药物种类 ,利用Microscan全自动微生物分析仪进行细菌鉴定和药敏实验。结果　抗菌药物使用种类达 19种 ,使用率为 10 0 % ,最高的为青霉素类、头孢类 ,革兰阴性杆菌、革兰阳性球菌对临床常用的头孢类抗菌药物耐药率较高 ,对喹喏酮类抗菌药物耐药率较低。结论　由于抗菌药物的广泛使用 ,在抗菌药物选择性压力诱导下产生的耐药株逐渐增多 ,因此医生应根据药物的敏感性选用抗菌药物进行临床治疗。OBJECTIVE To investigate the utilization of antibiotics in treating respiratory infections in children and analyze the resistance to the common bacteria. METHODS A total of 447 case histories about respiratory infections in children were randomly selected to count the uses of the antibiotics. Identifications of bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by using the automatic microorganism analyzer-Microscan. RESULTS Nineteen kinds of antibiotics were utilized, the use rate of antibiotics was 100%. The penicillins and cephalosporins were the best frequency of usage. For both Gram-negative bacilli and Gram-positive cocci, there were higher resistant rates to cephalosporins commonly used in clinics, while there were lower resistant rates to quinolones. CONCLUSIONS More and more resistant bacteria are emerging due to antibiotics abuse and the selective pressures of antibiotics. So the antibiotics must be selected according to the results of susceptibility tests.

关 键 词：抗菌药物 感染菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R969.3[医药卫生—药理学]