晚发性维生素K缺乏症的特点与预防  

A Study on the characteristics and prevention of delayed vitamin K deficiency.

作　　者：梁少霞[1] 麦智广[1] 古汉礼[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省佛山市第一人民医院儿科,528000

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2004年第1期21-22,共2页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：目的　探讨晚发性维生素K缺乏症的特点与预防措施。方法　回顾分析 1995～ 2 0 0 0年儿内科住院的1周～ 2个月 (不含 2个月 )的婴儿 310 4例 ,其中病死 5 6例。结果　晚发性维生素K缺乏症患儿 92例 ,占该组住院患儿的 2 96 % ,是死因的第 2位 (病死 13例 ,占 2 3 2 1% ,均死于颅内出血 ) ,病死率排在首位 ,高达 14 13% ,与肺炎的病死率 3 5 7%和G - 6 -PD 5 0 2 %缺陷病的病死率间差别有显著性意义 (χ2 =17 5 9,7 89,均P <0 0 0 5 )。92例患儿的母乳喂养率为 97 83% ;CT证实 92例晚发性维生素K缺乏症患儿的颅内出血的发生率为 98 91%。结论　婴儿中晚发性维生素K缺乏症并不少见 ,病死率最高 ,应将其列入本地区儿童疾病综合管理的范围 ,制定并推广预防的常规措施。Objective To explore the feature and preventive measures of delayed vitamin K deficiency.Methods From 1995 to 2000,3104 cases of infants,1 week-2 months old (except for 2 months),were hospitalized in the ward of pediatrics.Of which 56 cases had died.The case reports were analyzed retrospectively.Results 92 cases suffered from delayed vitamin K deficiency,accounted for 2.96% in that group of infants.It was the second cause of death (13 cases, accounted for 23.21%,all caused by intracranial hemorrhage).The death rate of it was 14.13%,higher than the 3.57% of the pneumonia (χ 2=17.59,P<0.005) and the 5.02% of G6-PD deficiency (χ 2=7.89,P<0.005).The ratios of breastfeeding and intracranial hemorrhage confirmed by CT accounted for 97.83% and 98.81% respectively.Conclusion Delayed vitamin K deficiency was the commonly encountered diseases in the hospitalized infants of 1 week to 2 months old.The death rate of it was the highest one.It is suggested to put it into IMCI and to take measure to prevent it.

关 键 词：晚发性维生素K缺乏症 预防 新生儿 死因 临床特点 

分 类 号：R725.914.9[医药卫生—儿科]