普通玉米单交种与高油玉米杂交当代子粒杂种优势效应的研究  

Study on Heterosis of Kernel of F_1 Embryo Stage in Common Corn Single Hybrids × High Oil Corns

作　　者：贾玉峰[1] 张新生[1] 赵明[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军军需大学农副业生产系,吉林长春130062

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2003年第5期490-494,共5页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：吉林省科学技术厅资助项目(20010213)

摘　　要：以吉林省主推的普通玉米单交种为母本,以高油玉米为父本进行人工杂交,研究了杂交当代子粒的百粒重、千粒体积和脂肪含量的杂种优势效应。结果表明:普通玉米单交种与高油玉米杂交当代子粒的百粒重、千粒体积和脂肪含量均具有杂种优势效应。这种优势效应表现出正效应和负效应2种。子粒百粒重的最大正平均优势和最大负平均优势分别为34.6％和-7.6％。而最大正超亲优势为10.8％,无负超亲优势;子粒千粒体积的最大正平均优势和最大负平均优势分别为36.9％和-6.9％,而最大正超亲优势为6.5％,无负超亲优势;子粒脂肪含量的杂种优势只有负效应,最大平均优势为-20.5％,无超亲优势。By crossing between five common corn single hybrids and four high oil corns, heterosis effects of kernel fat content, 100-kernel weight and 1 000-kernel size at F_1 embryo stage were studied. The results showed that there were heterosis effects in 100-kernel weight, 1 000-size and kernel fat content at F_1 embryo stage. The heterosis effects were divided into both positive effect and negative effect. In 100-kernel weight of kernel of F_1 embryo stage, the maximal mean positive and negative effects of heterosis were 34.6% and -7.6% respectively, the maximal positive effect of heterosis over that of parents was 10.8%, and there was no negative heterosis. In the 1 000-kernel size of kernel of F_1 embryo stage,the maximal mean positive and negative effects of heterosis were 36.9 % and-6.9 % respectively, the maximal positive effect of heterosis over that of parents was 6.5 %, and there was no negative effect of heterosis. There was only negative effect in the heterosis effects of kernel fat content at F_1 embryo stage, the maximal mean effect of heterosis was-20.5 %, and there was no heterosis.

关 键 词：玉米 人工杂交 杂交当代子粒 杂种优势 百粒重 千粒体积 脂肪含量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]