发达国家大学科学研究投入的特点  

On the Features of Scientific Research Investment in Universities in Developed Countries

作　　者：徐锋[1] 余自娥[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学期刊社,中国长沙410081 [2]湖南师范大学科技处,中国长沙410081

出　　处：《湖南师范大学自然科学学报》2003年第4期86-88,共3页Journal of Natural Science of Hunan Normal University

摘　　要：自德国洪堡时期建立的柏林大学始,大学的科学研究就被明确地提了出来,并列入大学的议事日程,还纳入国家的知识创新系统,受到了社会、政府、企业等各方面的广泛关注与支持,大学科研课题单独列项予以资助并由此便成为了现实.二战后,发达国家看到了科学技术的巨大威力,非常重视科学技术尤其是大学的科学研究工作,政府在不断加大投入力度的同时,大学的科学研究在科学技术进步上也充分展示了其魅力.大学科研投入的主体是政府,但企业也在积极参与,而且增加其投入的趋势也是显见的.基础研究是大学科研的强势,因此它也是其投入的重点,而且在整个国家的基础研究方面亦占有绝对份额和地位.政府是投入的主体,基础研究是投入的重点,是大学科学研究投入的两个最主要特点.Since the founding of University of Berlin in Humboldt's time, scientific research has been on the university agenda and has at the same time become a part of the knowledge renew system in a country. And it is due to the attention and support from society, government, and enterprises that it is made possible to separate and subsidize different research topics. After the Second World War, developed countries, having noticed its immense power, endowed great attention to science and technology, especially the scientific research in universities. With the increase of governmental investment, the scientific research in universities has been contributing more and is the mainstay, enterprises are taking an active part, the increase of whose investment is rather obvious. As a strong point, university basic research, enjoying a predominant position in national basic research, is the focus of investment. In a word, basic research attracting most of the investment and government playing a principal role in investment are the two most prominent features in the investment of university scientific research.

关 键 词：发达国家 大学 科学研究 科研投入 政府 企业 

分 类 号：G644[文化科学—高等教育学]