放牧苜蓿品种选育研究进展  

The Review of Grazing Alfalfa Varieties

作　　者：戎郁萍[1] 韩建国[1] 胡跃高[2] 李高 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100094 [2]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094 [3]北京颐和园管理处,北京100094

出　　处：《中国草地》2004年第1期49-56,共8页Grassland of China

基　　金：农业科技跨越计划项目"青刈黑麦;紫花苜蓿高产优质产业化生产技术集成试验示范"研究内容;农业部草地植被恢复与重建重点开放实验室资助

摘　　要：苜蓿放牧草地以其成本相对低(与干草型苜蓿草地相比)、营养价值高、放牧家畜生产性能优异得到了家畜生产者的青睐。长期以来苜蓿的利用一直是以生产干草为主,多数干草型品种的耐牧性并不好,因此选育耐牧性强的苜蓿品种是育种家的重要目标。国外1990年后推出的耐牧性品种不仅耐牧性强,且抗病虫害能力强、产草量高、适口性好。为此,从放牧型苜蓿品种的特点、选育指标、选育过程及放牧苜蓿品种的评价体系等方面,综述了放牧型苜蓿育种的研究进展,为今后我国放牧型苜蓿品种的选育提供指导。Grazing alfalfa pasture is very popular with its low cost,high forage quality and good animal performance for animal producer.Alfalfa has been utilized as hay production for a long time.However,the grazing tolerance of many hay alfalfa varieties is poor.So development of alfalfa varieties with grazing tolerance is very important for the plant breeders.The grazing tolerance varieties released in US and Canada have high grazing tolerance,high resistance of pests and diseases,good palatability and high yield since 1990.This review mainly includes the characters of grazing tolerance alfalfa varieties,breeding criterions and processes,also evaluation system of grazing tolerance.The purpose of this review is to improve the development of alfalfa varieties breeding with grazing tolerance in the future in China.

关 键 词：放牧 苜蓿 品种 育种 草地 成本 营养价值 家畜 生产性能 选育指标 选育过程 评价体系 

分 类 号：S541.903.3[农业科学—作物学]