陇中半干旱区地膜开孔率对玉米蒸腾的影响  

Impact of film open ratio on transpiration of maize in semi-arid area of Longzhong

作　　者：董军[1] 党慧慧[1] 岳宁[1] 董阳[1] 魏国孝[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院西部环境教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《水资源与水工程学报》2015年第5期235-240,共6页Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41471023);国家级大学生创新创业训练项目(860496)

摘　　要：为了解地膜开孔率对玉米蒸腾的影响和玉米蒸腾耗水与气象因子的关系,为农业灌溉和地膜栽培技术提供理论依据,采用基于热平衡法的茎流计对不同地膜开孔率条件下的玉米蒸腾速率进行了连续监测,并使用相关性分析和主成分分析方法对蒸腾资料和同步的气象资料进行分析研究。结果表明:玉米蒸腾在晴天和阴天分别为单峰曲线和多峰曲线;蒸腾速率随开孔率的增大而减小,且开孔率越大蒸腾在峰值停留的时间越长;相对蒸腾效率与开孔率呈现出指数关系;影响玉米蒸腾的主要气象因子依次是太阳辐射、空气温度、相对湿度;覆盖地膜是通过改变膜内温度和相对湿度,从而改变玉米根部的小气候来影响玉米蒸腾的。In order to know the influence of film open ratio on the transpiration rate of maize,and the relation between water consume of maize transpiration and climate factors so as to provide theory basis for agricultural irrigation and film cultivation technique,the paper used stem flow gauge which is based on heat balance method to continually measure the transpiration rate of maize under different conditions of film open ratio,and analyzed the data of transpiration and climate. Results showed that the maize transpiration respectively presents single peak curve and multi peak curve in sunny days and cloudy days. The transpiration rate of maize decreases with the increase open ratio. The more the open ratio,the longer of time the transpiration stay at peak value. There is an exponential relationship between transpiration efficiency and filmopen ratio. Themain climate factors which affect the transpiration rate of maize are in turn solar radiation > temperature > relative humidity. The film can change the micrometeorology of maize root area to affect its transpiration rate through change air temperature and relative humidity in scope of film.

关 键 词：茎流计 地膜开孔率 玉米蒸腾 半干旱区 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]