孕育光催化活性的天然含钒金红石矿物学特征  

Mineralogical characteristics of natural vanadiferous rutile gestating photocatalystic activity

作　　者：李宁[1] 鲁安怀[1] 秦善[1] 王河锦[1] 李巧荣[1] 刘娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871

出　　处：《岩石矿物学杂志》2003年第4期332-338,共7页Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica

基　　金：国家重大基础研究前期专项资助项目 ( 2 0 0 1CCA0 2 40 0 ) ;国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 4 0 172 0 2 2 )

摘　　要：天然含钒金红石平均含V2 O5可达 1.2 2 % ,Fe2 O3 0 .39% ,ZnO 0 .35 % ,CuO 0 .2 2 % ,这些金属离子可替代八面体中Ti4+ 。V以 5价形式存在 ,配位多面体呈三方双锥 ,其在晶格内部对Ti的替代导致晶格畸变 ,打破了配位多面体原有的八面体对称而呈四方双锥的几何形态 ,并产生结构微应力。透射电镜研究表明 ,该天然金红石结构内部存在位错、晶界等缺陷 ,可以成为光催化活性位。对其进行受力、受热以及微波辐射等改性作用后 ,晶胞发生不同程度的膨胀 ,可能导致晶格畸变及应变能增加 ,进一步促进光催化活性。研究结果表明 。There exists isomorphous replacement in the rutile structure, and the most prominent feature is the average content of oxides, being 1.22%, 0.39%, 0.35% and 0.22% for V 2O 5, Fe 2O 3, ZnO and CuO respectively. They substitute Ti 4+ in octahedra. The valence of V is 5, and its polyhedron is trigonal bipyramid, which causes the lattice distortion, breaks the raw octahedron symmetry into square bipyramid, and produces the microstrains in the structure. TEM study shows the defects in rutile, which can result in the photocatalytic active location. The crashing, heating and microwave radiation can cause the expansion of the lattice volumes, lattice distortion and increase of energy, promoting photocatalystic activity. It is certain that the natural rutile can gestate good photocatalystic activity.

关 键 词：天然含钒金红石 矿物学特征 结构缺陷 光催化活性 环境矿物学 

分 类 号：P578.47[天文地球—矿物学]