大学生意外伤害心理干预控制策略研究  

Research on psychological intervention controlling strategies of undergraduates' accidental injuries

作　　者：牛新[1] 吕放光[1] 宋传颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]邵阳学院,湖南邵阳422000

出　　处：《中国校医》2015年第8期561-562,566,共3页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

基　　金：湖南省高等学校科学研究项目(11C1127)

摘　　要：目的探索优化大学生心理素质、提高其心理水平和心理适应能力的干预模式。方法采用心理健康教育+同伴教育+心理咨询模式。心理健康多媒体教学,包括心理健康基础知识、心理调节技术、心理健康与意外伤害等内容;从各班挑选同伴教育骨干集中培训,结束后返回各自班级,利用所学知识和自身号召力对同学们开展教育活动;对存在心理问题或处于心理危机状态者予以心理辅导。结果干预后意外伤害发生率从14.2%降至11.4%(P<0.05),意外伤害自救、互救率分别从12.6%、3.3%上升至31.6%、6.6%(P<0.01),存在一定程度心理障碍者从9.1%下降至6.6%(P<0.05),差异均有统计学意义。结论该干预模式能优化干预对象的心理素质、降低意外伤害发生率、提高意外伤害时的自救互救意识,且投入少、收益大,具有可行性、易操作性、可延续性和普及性强的特点。Objective To optimize the intervention mode of undergraduates' psychological quality, so as to improve their mental and psychological adaptability. Methods The mental health education, peer education and psychological consultation mode was used. The multimedia teaching of mental health included the basic knowledge of mental health, psychological adjustment technology, psychological health and accident harm, etc. The peer education training backbones were selected from each class and then they went back to their own classes and used their knowledge and appeal to students to conduct the education activities and gave the psychological counseling to the students with psychological problems or in psychological crisis. Results After the intervention, the accidental injury incidence decreased from 14.2% to 11.4%(P<0.05), the rate of accident self-medical aid promoted from 12.6% to 31.6%, the rate of the mutual medical aid increased from 3.3% to 6.6%(P <0.01), and the rate of students who had certain degrees of psychological disorders decreased from9.1% to 6.6%(P<0.05), and all the differences had statistical significance. Conclusion The intervention mode can optimize the psychological quality of the objects, and reduce the incidence of accidental injury, and promote the awareness of self and mutual medical aid when the accident happens. The mode has the characteristics of low cost, feasibility, operability,continuity and universal.

关 键 词：年轻人 学生 事故/心理学 创伤和损伤/预防和控制 卫生教育 急救/教育 

分 类 号：G448[哲学宗教—心理学]