不同接触途径所致急性亚急性汞中毒的分析研究  

Study on acute and subacute mercury poisoning caused by different exposure routes

作　　者：李树强[1] 赵金垣[1] 徐希娴[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院职业病研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《中国工业医学杂志》2003年第6期324-327,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine

摘　　要：目的　研究不同接触途径所致急性、亚急性汞中毒的临床特点。方法　将 3 3例患者按汞进入体内途径的不同分为 3组 ,即皮肤吸收组、呼吸道吸收组和消化道吸收组 ,分析其临床特点。结果　急性汞中毒以周身中毒症状、口腔 牙龈炎症状及胃肠道症状为著 ,部分病人可有皮疹、呼吸道及肾脏受累 ;而神经 精神症状和震颤多不明显。3种不同接触途径所致中毒其临床表现各有特点 ,如皮肤接触起病者 ,以亚急性为主 ,皮疹较为突出 ;消化道吸收者急性起病 ,胃肠道症状较明显 ;呼吸道吸收者多急性起病 ,呼吸系统症状较突出等。结论　 3种不同接触途径所致中毒有许多共同点 ,但又有各自特点。Objective To study the clinical characteristics of acute and subacute mercury poisoning by different exposure routes.Method The thirty three cases of acute or subacute mercury poisoning were divided into three groups according to their exposure routes,namely skin contact group,inhalation group and oral route group.Result The common toxic manifestations by acute exposure to larger dose of mercury such as systemic symptoms,gastrointestinal symptoms,stomatitis,gingivitis,respiratory tract irritation,skin eruption and renal damage etc.were all obvious in severe patients,but nerve system sign was not so obvious.If exposure level was not so high,the toxic manifestations by different exposure routes might show some difference.For example,respiratory tract symptoms might be distinguished by inhalation route,gastrointestinal manifestations might be somewhat obvious by oral route and skin eruption might more common by skin contact,etc.Conclusion Different exposure routes to mercury might have their own clinical characteristics,despite they have some common toxic manifestations.

关 键 词：汞中毒 中毒症状 胃肠道症状 呼吸道 

分 类 号：R135.13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]