/n/-/l/音位合并现象的神经机制:来自MMN的证据  

Neural Correlates of/n/-/l/Chinese Phonemic Merger:An MMN Study

作　　者：吴盈 郭小涛 陈香[3] 王正雪 高雅 王晓冬 Wu Ying;Guo Xiaotao;Chen Xiang;Wang Zhengxue;Gao Ya;Wang Xiaodong(Faculty of Psychology,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715;Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei,230001;Department of Orthopedics,Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,400014)

机构地区：[1]西南大学心理学部,重庆400715 [2]中国科学技术大学附属第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,合肥230001 [3]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院骨科,重庆400014

出　　处：《心理科学》2019年第2期273-279,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费(SWU114103;SWU1509449);国家自然科学基金(61431013;31771254)的资助

摘　　要：采用ERP技术,比较音位合并者与非音位合并者辨别合并音位/n/-/l/的脑电和行为反应。结果发现,非音位合并者在注意前阶段展现了显著的MMN;而音位合并者没有展现MMN,但在晚期展现了一个显著的负波。行为实验发现,相比于音位合并者,非音位合并者在分辨/n/-/l/时正确率更高,反应时更短。这些结果表明:两组被试区分/n/-/l/的能力在早期自动加工阶段就已经有了显著的差异。方言经验可能降低了音位合并者在听觉感觉加工阶段检测合并音位差异的敏感度。Native language experience shapes how people perceive the world at an early age.Phonemic merger is a common phenomenon of language variation in which two phonemes cannot be distinguished in perception and pronunciation.Phonemic merger could indicate a deficit of perceptual sensitivity to non-native phonemic contrasts.For example,merged speakers from southwest China are always not able to distinguish the/n/-/l/contrast that acoustically mixed in their dialects,whereas people from the north can distinguish them without an effort.A previous study(Conrey et al.,2005)showed that the perception of/I/-/E/in English differed between merged speakers and unmerged speakers in the LPC response which was attributed to the conscious phonological decision processes.However,it has been unclear that whether and how the language experiences of phonemic merger impacted merged speakers’phoneme perception in early auditory processing.Here,we adapted a passive oddball paradigm to examine if the merged experience impacted speech recognition and to explore the neural correlates of/n/-/l/Chinese phonemic merger at the early stage of auditory processing,as indexed by the mismatch negativity(MMN).In the ERP experiment,the subjects sat in an acoustically shielded cabin.Acoustic stimuli/niú/and/liú/were delivered binaurally via headphones at an intensity of 60 dB SPL.We instructed the subjects to ignore the auditory and concentrate on a silent movie.Simultaneously,we recorded the subjects’brain waves.After EEG recording,all of the subjects participated in an/n/-/l/discrimination test,in order to measure their capacity of distinguish/n/from/l/.According to the accuracy of the behavioral test and assessment for dialectal experience,22 listeners were divided into two groups,merged speakers(4 males,7 females,age range:18-25 years)and unmerged speakers(4 males,7 females,age range:18-22 years).Then,we compared the ERPs and behavioral performance for the discrimination of/n/-/l/contrast between merged speakers and unmerged speakers.The result

关 键 词：音位合并 失匹配负波 晚期辨别负波 事件相关电位 

分 类 号：B845.1[哲学宗教—心理学]