上海市徐汇区已婚育龄妇女生殖道感染与卫生行为的研究  

Study on Relationship between Reproductive Tract Infections and Personal Hygiene Behaviors among Vulnerable Married Women in Shanghai

作　　者：闻增玉[1] 武俊青[2] 钟细华[2] 李文英[2] 黄伟栋[2] 刘宁[2] 杨瑛[2] 陈锡宽[2] 周小萍 高尔生[2] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学,上海200032 [2]上海市计划生育科学研究所,上海200032 [3]上海市徐汇区人口和计划生育委员会,上海200030

出　　处：《生殖与避孕》2003年第6期340-344,350,共6页Reproduction and Contraception

摘　　要：目的:了解已婚育龄妇女的卫生行为对生殖道感染的影响,为干预措施的开展提供科学依据。方法:采用整群分层的抽样方法,对上海市徐汇区4个街道60个居委会和2个困难企业共1631名已婚育龄妇女进行了问卷调查、实验室检测和妇科体查,并用SAS8.2进行统计分析。结果:1631名妇女中,滴虫性阴道炎、念珠菌阴道炎、细菌性阴道病、衣原体感染、淋病的患病率分别为3.04％、5.04％、1.52％、6.68％、0.12％。大多数妇女个人生活卫生习惯和性卫生行为良好,清洗外阴和洗澡频度不同的妇女内源性感染率差异具有统计学意义;同房前丈夫外生殖器清洗频度不同的妇女性传播感染率差异有统计学意义;而男用安全套对性传播感染具有预防作用。多因素Logisitic回归分析发现洗澡频度、同房前丈夫清洗外生殖器和结婚年龄为生殖道感染发生的主要影响因素。结论:应大力加强生殖道感染预防的健康教育,尤其是宣传避孕套有预防生殖道感染和避孕的双重作用,使她们积极采纳健康的个人行为,从而达到防治生殖道感染的目的。Objective:To understand the influence of personal hygiene behaviors on reproductive tract infections (RTIs) and to provide evidence for the intervention among married women at childbearing age Methods:A total of 1 631 married women in 60 residence neighborhoods from 4 streets and 2 stagnant enterprises were selected by multistage cluster random sampling and interviewed face-to-face through questionnaires, laboratory tests assay and gynecological examination. All data were analyzed by SAS 8.2. Results:The positive detection rates of five target pathogens, trichomonas vaginalis, candida albicans, G.vaginalis, chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, in the study were 3.04%, 5.04%, 1.52%, 6.68%, and 0.12%, respectively. Personal hygiene practices and sexual behaviors among married women in the study were good in general. The vast majority of women (98.77%) rinsed their vulvae every day and more than half of the women (53.03%) took bath every day. In terms of the prevalence of endogenous infection, there were statistical differences between women who had different frequencies of rinsing their vulvae and taking bath; and for the prevalence of sexually transmitted infection, there were significant differences between women whose husband had different frequency of washing their external genital organs before sexual intercourses each time. The mostly adopted contraceptive methods among women ranked by frequency were intra-uterine devices (IUD) (68.69%), male condom (16.69%) and safe period (6.20%), among which male condom could prevent sexually transmitted infections. Multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that the frequency of taking bath, the husband washing his external genital organ before sexual intercourse and the age of marriage were the influencing factors of RTIs, too. Conclusion:It is very urgent that health educational intervention of RTIs among married women be conducted and especially the knowledge on condom's double effects on contraception and prevention of RTIs be disseminated to urge w

关 键 词：已婚育龄妇女 生殖道感染 行为 健康教育 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]