本土创新、能力发展和竞争优势——中国激光视盘播放机工业的发展及其对政府作用的政策含义  

Product Creation Based on Local Markets,Ability Development and Competitive Advantage

作　　者：路风[1] 慕玲[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学政府管理学院 [2]清华大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《管理世界》2003年第12期57-82,共26页Journal of Management World

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (项目批准号:70172004)

摘　　要：认为中国工业发展应当遵循“比较优势”的观点实质上是要求政府放弃工业政策和技术政策 ,但在解释工业竞争力源泉上却贫乏无力。本研究通过对中国激光光盘播放机工业发展经验的分析证明 ,基于本土市场需求特点的产品创新以及企业在技术学习和能力发展上的努力 ,才是技术相对落后国家的企业能够在开放市场条件下获得竞争优势的原因。中国DVD工业目前遭到被征收高额专利费的困境 ,突出说明了中国工业发展在技术结构上所面临的制约。突破这种制约不仅要求中国企业努力在技术上爬升 ,而且要求中国政府采取积极的技术政策和工业政策 ,因为在全球化条件下的市场机制既不能有效地解决通用技术知识的供给问题 ,也不可能公正地分配来自技术知识的收益。The view point that China's industrial development should follow “comparative advantage' is essentially to require the government to abandon its industrial and technical policy, but in spelling the root of industrial competitiveness, this view is far from convincing. In this study we will, by the analysis of development experience gained by the laser disk broadcaster industry, prove that product creation based on the demand of the local market, and the effort made in study of technology and in ability improvement, are the reason why enterprises in the countries whose technology is relatively backward reap comparative advantage in the circumstance of open markets. The dire straits, into which China's DVD industry has fallen on whom heavy patent fee has been levied, has particularly demonstrated the limit placed on China's industrial growth in technology structure. Breaking though this restriction requires not only China's enterprises to make great efforts in improvement of their technology, but also the Chinese government to adopt positive technologic and industrial policies, because the market mechanism under the circumstance of globalization can not effectively solve the problem of supply of all-purpose technology and knowledge, nor can it fairly distribute yield from technology and knowledge.

关 键 词：中国 激光视盘播放机工业 本土创新 工业竞争力 竞争优势 技术进步 企业能力 VCD DVD 建构创新 

分 类 号：F426.6[经济管理—产业经济]