散斑位移量与照明激光束特性关系的实验研究  

Experimental study on relation between speckles displacement and collimation of laser beam

作　　者：姚焜[1] 陈蝶萍[1] 张权 轩植华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科技大学天文与应用物理系,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《物理实验》2003年第11期6-8,11,共4页Physics Experimentation

摘　　要：激光照射到粗糙物体的表面会形成激光散斑 ,散斑随物体的运动而运动 ,特别是物体在自身平面内运动时散斑的同步运动比较显著 ,因此可以用这一现象测物体的微小位移 .散斑运动规律与照明光束的特性有关 .本文通过实验研究了不同光束照明下散斑位移的规律 ,验证了散斑位移理论 ,并指出散斑位移测量中应注意的问题 .The laser speckles are formed when a beam of laser is scattered by a rough surface of an object. The speckles move noticeably as the 2-D object moves in its plane. So a small displacement of an object can be measured by determining the changes of the speckles' positions. The move of the speckles is related to the characteristics of the beam of light. In this paper, the law of relation between speckles displacement and collimation of laser is studied, the theory of the speckles displacement is verified, and the problems should be noticed in performing the experiment are presented.

关 键 词：激光散斑 散斑位移 高斯光束 杨氏条纹 微小位移测量 全息干板 

分 类 号：O436.1[机械工程—光学工程] TN249[理学—光学]