论法国对非“合作”政策产生的背景  

A COMMENTARY ON THE BACKGROUND OF FRENCH "COOPERATIVE" POLICY TOWARD AFRICA

作　　者：张宏明 

出　　处：《西亚非洲》1987年第3期30-38,79-80,共11页West Asia and Africa

摘　　要：第二次世界大战以后,法国的对非政策在经历了一个曲折的演变过程之后,终于在1960年完成了“从殖民化到合作”的历史性的转变。至此,法国与非洲国家的关系进入了“合作”时期。 时至今日,由戴高乐首倡并在其任期内发展起来的法非“合作”关系业已进入了第27个年头。戴高乐虽已作古,法国总统亦三易其人,但是,法国对非“合作”政策并未因此而中断。相反,戴高乐的“合作”French "cooperative" policy toward Africa is a product of a particluar histo-rical period and a particular historical environment. Following the SecondWorld War, there was a fundamental change in international political situationand it was the world trends that made it impossible for old colonial system toremain any longer; meanwhile France found herself having not enough capacityand means to maintain her colonial empire. It was with these preconditions thatthen French president De Gaulle was, consdering the benefits both in theshort run and in the long run, forced to put forward the "cooperative" policywith the intention of maintaining French vested interests in Africa, and hoped for stimulating the specific relationship between France and her formercolonies in a new environment. In the same time, the historical connectionbetween France and her former colonies in the fields of politics, economy,culture and so on, and the fragility of these colonial economies as a result oflong colonial domination and thereby the long existed dependence of theseeconomies on their metropolis were other factors with the same weight foroccurrence of this policy. There are a series of reasons for what France wants to promote such apolicy to a further extent: firstly, it is accordence with the need for Frencheconomic progress; secondly, it is to be used to stop the expansion and infiltra-tion by the US and USSR influences; thirdly, it conforms to the need ofFrench global diplomatic policy; and fourthly, it is in line with Frenchmilitary and strategical needs.

关 键 词：殖民化 非洲国家 殖民地经济 法国总统 国际形势 北非问题 法兰西联邦 世界政治格局 殖民体系 殖民政策 

分 类 号：D8[政治法律—政治学]