从含锗多金属物料中回收锗的工艺研究  

Technological Study on Germanium Recovery from Germanium-containing Polymetallic Materials

作　　者：普世坤[1,2] 兰尧中[1,3] 朱知国 谢天敏 尹国文 

机构地区：[1]上海大学材料科学与工程学院,上海200072 [2]云南临沧鑫圆锗业股份有限公司,云南临沧677000 [3]云南大学矿产开发与循环经济研究所,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《稀有金属与硬质合金》2015年第6期19-23,共5页Rare Metals and Cemented Carbides

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1037603);云南省自然科学基金(2009CC011);云南省创新人才项目(2010CI086)

摘　　要：先用盐酸-氟化铵-高锰酸钾对含锗多金属物料逐级进行预处理,再经盐酸蒸馏分离工艺得到四氯化锗,最终锗回收率达到95.20%左右。通过试验对预处理盐酸、氟化铵、高锰酸钾的用量以及蒸馏盐酸的用量等因素进行了系统研究,在此基础上提出了优化的工艺条件;与常规的湿法工艺即硫酸浸出-丹宁(栲胶)沉淀-锗精矿-盐酸蒸馏提锗法相比,本工艺锗回收率提高21%以上。Germanium-containing polymetallic materials were pretreated progressively with hydrochloric acid-ammonium fluoride-potassium,and then separated by distillation using hydrochloric acid to extract germanium tetrachloride.The final recovery of germanium is about 95.20%.The dosages were systematically studied through experiments of pretreatment hydrochloric acid,ammonium fluoride,potassium permanganate and distillation hydrochloric acid,and then optimum process conditions were determined.Compared with the conventional hydrometallurgical process of sulfuric acid leaching-tannin precipitation-germanium concentrate-hydrochloric acid distillation for germanium extraction,the recovery of germanium in the above process is improved by about 21%.

关 键 词：含锗多金属物料 锗回收 盐酸-氟化铵-高锰酸钾预处理 盐酸蒸馏 工艺研究 

分 类 号：TN304.11[电子电信—物理电子学]