环境中石油烃污染物组分的气相色谱分析  

GC ANALYSIS OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN SOIL AND WATER SAMPLES CONTAMINATED BY CRUDE

作　　者：黄宁选[1] 马宏瑞[1] 王晓蓉[2] 冯建芳[2] 丁萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学化学与化工学院,陕西咸阳712081 [2]南京大学环境学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《陕西科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2003年第6期25-29,共5页Journal of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金项目 (编号 :2 0 0 2B1 6 )

摘　　要：采用硅胶/氧化铝层析柱分别对原油及污染土壤中的油组分进行了分离,得到了胶质和沥青质、饱和烃、芳烃和极性物等组分,回收率达90%以上;通过气相色谱法(GC)和重量法对受污染土壤和水体的石油烃(TPHs)所进行的定量分析结果表明:以20#柴油为标准油,用GC法对水相中低浓度石油烃含量的测定效果较好;而用重量法测定受污染土壤中的油含量可以满足对环境样品的要求,利用GC图判别原油烃的指纹特征对于分析原油组成在环境中的变化具有重要意义。A gas chromatography method was applied to analyze the petroleum hydrocarbons in soil and water samples contaminated by crude. It could efficiently identify hydrocarbon components and differences in different samples. GC method is more effective for measuring total petroleum hydrocarbons in water samples than is soil samples because non-hydrocaobon matter could disturb stablilzation of ground line in chromatography at high crude content in soil samples. A silica-gel/alumina column was used to fractionate crude groups. After the soil samples are extracted with methylene chloride and hexane, the extracts are fractionate into aliphatic and aromatic fractions on the column and fraction recovery excessed 90%.

关 键 词：环境污染 石油烃污染物 土壤 重量法 气相色谱法 法测 

分 类 号：X833[环境科学与工程—环境工程]