洞庭湖滩地水文状况与杨树造林地选择的研究  

Study on the hydrographic situation of the Dongting Lake beach and the selection methods of poplar afforestation area

作　　者：吴立勋[1] 汤玉喜[1] 吴敏[1] 徐世凤[1] 彭光裕 林建新 张大智 

机构地区：[1]湖南省林业科学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]沅江市林业局,湖南益阳413100 [3]君山区林业局,湖南岳阳414005

出　　处：《湖南林业科技》2003年第4期6-11,共6页Hunan Forestry Science & Technology

基　　金：为"十五"国家科技攻关中国森林生态网络体系建设项目(2 0 0 2BA51 6A1 6 -0 6 )

摘　　要：根据洞庭湖主要水文站点多年观测资料,将汛期水位与时间的相关关系转变为滩地淹水时间与高程的数学模型。洞庭湖滩地根据不同高程汛期年均淹水时间变化规律,分为湖泊型和河道型两类。湖泊型滩地淹水时间与高程遵循指数函数y=a·ebx变化规律,河道型滩地在涨水初期、退水后期,淹水时间与高程为线性函数y=a+bx关系,在中、高高程地段又为指数函数关系。黑杨派南方型无性系在滩地上造林,其胸径、树高、材积生长均随滩地高程的降低、淹水时间的增加而降低。但随着林龄的增加,不同高程—淹水时间林地的生长差异有所减小,表明其抗水淹能力有所增强。在流动水的情况下,洞庭湖滩地年均淹水时间30d以内的,可建速生丰产林基地;年均淹水30～65d的,可造一般工业用材林、抑螺林、防浪护堤林等;年均淹水65d以上的,如不采取挖沟抬垄等工程措施,不宜用作杨树造林。Based on the hydrographic data of the Dongting Lake in several years, turned the relationship of water level and time of flood season there is a mathematics model of the submerge time and elevation.Based on the different flood levels,the beaches of the lake were separated into lake model and river course model.The submerge time and elevation of the lake model and the start or end of the flood the river course model were followed by exponential function _y=a·_e~_(b.x)_. The submerge time and elevation of river course model in other time of flood were followed by linear function_ y=a+bx_.The diameter breast height,height, volume growth of southern clone series of poplar growth on the beach were reduced with the elevation and increased submerged time.The anti-submerge ability will increase with the increase of age.The beach where water flowed less than 30 days a year should plant for high-speed high-yield poplar forest basis.Flowed water in 30 to 65 days a year should plant for industry forest.Flowed water beyond 65 days should not plant poplar unless trenches are dug or planted higher the ridge.

关 键 词：洞庭湖 滩地 水文状况 杨树 林地选择 生长量 淹水时间 

分 类 号：S792.11[农业科学—林木遗传育种]