温度对日本方头甲生长发育及繁殖的影响  

Effects of temperature on development and reproduction of Cybocephlus nipponicus Endrody-Younga

作　　者：冉春[1] 雷慧德[1] 李鸿筠[1] 胡军华[1] 程绪生 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院柑桔研究所,重庆400712 [2]重庆市万州区植保站,重庆404000

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2003年第4期383-388,共6页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金："十五"国家科技攻关项目(2001BA604A04);"九五"农业部重点攻关项目(95农-04-01-01)

摘　　要：研究了日本方头甲卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫在6个恒温下的发育历期、发育速率、世代存活率及成虫产卵量。王氏模型测定结果表明,日本方头甲卵、一龄幼虫、二龄幼虫、三龄幼虫和蛹、产卵前期的发育最适温度分别为:24.7、23.9、27.1、24.5、24.9、23.2℃。卵孵化率(S_(E))、一龄存活率(S_(L1))、二龄存活率(5_(L2))、三龄存活率(S_(L3))、蛹羽化率(S_P)与温度(X)的关系分别为:S_E=-62.4798+12.9440X-0.2720X^2、S_(L1)=-30.8872+9.4942X-0.1881X^2、S_(L2)=24.7956+5.3500X-0.1108X^2、S_(L3)=-100.2795+15.5575X-0.3134X^2、S_P=30.7012+5.2098X-0.1095X^2。产卵量(Y)与温度(X)的关系:Y=-194.5609+20.0496X-0.4103X^2。日本方头甲卵、蛹和成虫分别置于2、4、6、8、10℃,25天后卵的孵化率分别为72.1％、76.5％、79.4％、82.7％、68.7％;蛹的羽化率分别为62.3％、69.5％、73.5％、80.7％、61.1％,8℃为蛹和卵适宜的低温贮藏温度;而15天后的成虫存活率分别为52.1％、53.1％、52.7％、52.9％、50.3％,以后迅速下降。低温贮存卵和蛹是保存日本方头甲的有效途径。The development, survival, and reproduction of Cybocephlus nipponicus Endrody-Younga were studied at 18, 20, 22, 25, 28, and 30t in the laboratory. The results showed the optimum developmental temperatures for egg, 1st instar,2nd instar,3rd instar larvae, pupa, and pre-oviposition period were 24. 7, 23. 9, 27. 1, 24. 5, 24. 9, and 23. 2℃ , respectively. The relationship between egg hatching rate (SE) , survival rate of 1st instar (SL1 ) ,2nd instar (SL2) ,3 rd instar ( SL3 ) , emergence rate of pupa (SP) and temperature (X) were described as: SE = -62.4798 + 12.9440X- 0.2720X2, SL1 = -30.8872 + 9.4942X- 0.1881X2, SL2 = 24.7956 + 5.3500X - 0.1108X2, SL3 = -100.2795 + 15.5575X - 0.3134X2, SP - 30.7012 + 5.2098X - 0.1095X2, respectively. The relationship between total number of eggs laid per female ( Y) and temperature( X) was described as Y= - 194. 5609 + 20. 0496X - 0.4103X2. When stored at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10t , the egg hatching rates after 25 d were 72. 1% ,76. 5% ,79. 4% ,82. 7% ,68. 7% , respectively. The emergence rates of pupae after 25 d at the above temperatures were 62. 3% , 69. 5% , 73. 5% , 80. 7% ,61.1% , respectively. The optimum temperature for pupa storage was 8℃. The survival rates of adult after 15 d at the above temperature were 52. 1% , 53. 1% , 52. 7% , 52. 9% , and 50. 3% , respectively. Egg and pupa of Cybocephlus nipponicus are the suitable development stages for cold storage of this insect.

关 键 词：温度 日本方头甲 生长发育 繁殖性能 影响因素 捕食性天敌 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]