西藏自治区六岁以下儿童维生素A缺乏情况调查  

Prevalence of vitamin A deficiency in children under six years of age in Tibet, China

作　　者：米杰[1] 林良明[1] 马官福[2] 顾雪[1] 刘敏[2] 程红[1] 侯冬青[1] 谈藏文[3] 刘春燕[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都儿科研究所流行病学研究室,北京100020 [2]首都儿科研究所临床实验室,北京100020 [3]首都儿科研究所儿童营养研究室,北京100020

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2003年第6期419-422,共4页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：联合国儿童基金会资助项目 (YH10 1 13 )

摘　　要：目的　了解西藏自治区 6岁以下儿童维生素A缺乏 (VAD)情况。方法　采用分层整群随机抽样方法 ,将西藏分为城市、牧业县、农业县、半农半牧县 4层 ,每层抽 2个市或县进行调查。调查内容包括家庭一般状况、儿童喂养和疾病情况 ,收集儿童血清。血清维生素A(VA)含量检测采用微量荧光法。结果　共调查 6岁以下儿童 12 5 7人 ,男 6 35人 ,女 6 2 2人 ,藏族占 98 8%。 2岁以上儿童 836人 ,发现儿童夜盲症 6例 ,结膜干燥症 2例 ,儿童临床VAD患病率为 0 96 %。在 10 71名接受调查的母亲中 ,夜盲症 18例 (1 7% )。 4类地区均发现有临床VAD病例。西藏儿童VA平均水平为1 0 9μmol/L ,城市儿童 (1 15 μmol/L)和牧业县儿童 (1 12 μmol/L)显著高于农业县儿童 (1 0 4 μmol/L )和半农半牧县儿童 (1 0 5 μmol/L)。儿童亚临床VAD(血清VA≤ 0 70 μmol/L)患病率 :城市、牧业县、农业县和半农半牧县儿童分别为 5 4 %、4 7%、11 0 %和 12 3% ,差异有显著性 ;0 5岁以下和0 5岁以上婴儿组亚临床VAD患病率分别为 2 2 2 %和 13 3% ,显著高于 1岁以上各年龄组儿童 (1岁为 8 5 % ,2～ 3岁为 5 4 % ,4～ 5岁为 7 9% ) ;男女儿童血清VA水平和亚临床VAD患病率的差异无显著性。结论　西藏儿童VAD情况较全国为轻 。Objective To understand the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) among children under six years of age in Tibet, China. Methods Totally, 1 257 children under six years of age were selected from two cities, two farming counties, two semi-farming counties and two livestock farming counties with stratified cluster sampling to asses VAD status in Tibet. Family information, children’s feeding and disease history in the previous two weeks were collected by questionnaire. Blood specimen was collected from each child and serum was separated for detection of vitamin A concentration with microfluorescent spectrophotometry. Results Totally, 1 257 children under six years of age were surveyed, with 635 boys, 622 girls, 862 aged over two years, and 98.5% of Tibet nationality. Six cases of night blindness and two cases of xerophthalmia were detected from them, with prevalence of clinical VAD of 0.96%. Eighteen of 1 071 mothers with children under six years of age were found suffering from night blindness, accounting for 1.7%. Clinical cases of VAD both in children and mothers came from all four sampling strata. Average serum concentration of vitamin A and prevalence of subclinical VAD (serum vitamin A lower than or equal to 0.70 μmol/L) was 1.15 μmol/L and 5.4% and 1.12 μmol/L and 4.7% in cities and livestock farming counties, respectively, significantly higher than those in farming (1.04 μmol/L and 11.0%) and semi-farming counties (1.05 μmol/L and 12.3%), respectively, as compared to average levels of 1.09 μmol/L and 8.4% in the autonomous region as a whole. Prevalence of subclinical VAD in children under six months and those aged six to eleven months were 22.2% and 13.3%, respectively, significantly higher than those in children aged one year (8.5%), two to three years (5.4%) and four to five years (7.9%), respectively. There was also significant difference in serum level of vitamin A between children at varied ages, but no significant difference both in serum level of vitamin A and prevalence of subclini

关 键 词：西藏自治区 六岁以下儿童 维生素A缺乏 调查 含量检测 血清 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]