论葡萄牙东方海上贸易帝国的兴衰  

An Exploration on the Rise and Decline of Portuguese East Maritime Trade Empire

作　　者：陶亮[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学历史系 [2]华东师范大学历史学系

出　　处：《印度洋经济体研究》2015年第4期32-49,140,共20页Indian Ocean Economic and Political Review

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"15世纪以来海洋大国在印度洋的权力角逐和兴衰研究"(项目编号:13XSS011)的阶段研究成果

摘　　要：通往印度的新航路开辟后,葡萄牙人迅速在印度洋及邻近地区进行殖民扩张和掠夺,控制了印度洋贸易航线,形成了一个东方海洋殖民贸易帝国。随着其他欧洲列强的崛起,葡萄牙东方贸易帝国逐渐瓦解。葡萄牙在建立东方海上殖民贸易帝国后,缺少征服南亚次大陆的战略远见,未能把南亚、东南亚的丰富资源转化为自己的战略物质力量,使其帝国的发展无可持续性,最终丧失了对印度洋的控制,从而在争夺对印度和东南亚的殖民竞争中败退。这是葡萄牙海洋帝国败落的最重要的原因之一,甚至在某种程度上是其他衰败原因的前提。After discovering new sea rout to Indian Ocean,Portuguese established an east maritime trade empire by colonial expansion and plunder,controlling Indian Oceantrade routes. With other European powers rising,Portuguese east maritime trade empire gradually collapsed. Due to lack of a strategy of conquest of India,Portuguese didn' t turn South and Southeast Asia' s rich resources into its own strategic material power. So that made the Portuguese empire unsustainable. Finally Portugal was defeated in the game of control over south and Southeast Asia with losing sea power on Indian Ocean,which was one of the most important reasons of the empire decline,to some extent a premise of other factors.

关 键 词：印度洋 葡萄牙 海洋战略 

分 类 号：F755.52[经济管理—国际贸易]