句法结构歧义成因的思考  

The Ponderation on the Causes of Ambiguity in Syntactic Structure

作　　者：何洪峰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学中文系 [2]华中师范大学语言与语言教育研究中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《语言研究》2003年第4期26-31,共6页Studies in Language and Linguistics

摘　　要：一般认为汉语句法结构产生歧义的首要原因是句法结构层次不同和句法结构关系不同。这种分析是结构主义的思想,有一定的解释力,但不能统一解释替换不同语义成分消除歧义的现象和完全由语义因素而引起的歧义结构,因而是表层的解释。用语义结构决定句法结构的观念可以统一解释各种句法结构的成因,即从深层结构揭示出句法结构的歧义原因,由此得出歧义成因的一元解释:语义因素。这一解释更富有解释力。It is widely accepted that ambiguity in syntactic structure results from the different syntactic levels and syntactic relations in an ambiguous syntactic structure. The view is based on the thought of structuralism linguistics, but the theory can only interpret the causes of ambiguous syntactic structures in surface, with less explanation power on the phenomena both of the cases that the ambiguities in ambiguous syntactic structures will be removed by substitute for some structural elements and the ambiguous structures comes from the semantics. So the causes of ambiguities are interpreted by two factors: grammar and semantics. According to the viewpoint that syntactic structure is decided by semantic structure, the ambiguous structure originates from the semantic relation of syntactic structure. So, the cause of ambiguities in syntactic structure is only one: semantic structure in syntactic structure, but not two: grammar and semantics. The interpretation is more powerful than that of the structuralism linguistics.

关 键 词：歧义解释 句法关系 语义关系 深层结构 表层结构 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]