芦芽山华北落叶松林不同龄级立木的点格局分析  

Spatial pattern analysis of individuals in different age-classes of Larix principis-rupprechtii in Luya mountain reserve, Shanxi, China

作　　者：张金屯[1] 孟东平[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学生命科学院,北京100875 [2]山西大学黄土高原研究所,太原030006

出　　处：《生态学报》2004年第1期35-40,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (3 0 0 70 14 0 )~~

摘　　要：华北落叶松林是芦芽山自然保护区的重要林型。对其建群种华北落叶松不同龄级个体的分布格局及其相互关系进行了研究。植物种群在群落中的分布格局与空间尺度有着密切关系 ,这里采用能够分析各种尺度下格局的分析方法——点格局分析法 ,其是以种群个体空间分布的坐标点图为基础。结果表明 ,芦芽山华北落叶松不同龄级密度差异较大 ,高龄级密度较大 ;目前华北落叶松是稳定型种群 ,但从长远看 ,仍需人工协助更新 ;华北落叶松 5个龄级集群分布特征比较明显 ,且随着龄级的增加 ,集群特征有更明显的趋势 ;各个龄级个体之间在各种尺度下都有比较显著的正关联 ,3～ 5龄级个体关联更为显著 ;点格局分析法能够分析各种尺度下的种群格局和种间关系 ,所描述的结果更符合实际 ,尤其是对群落结构的描述。Larix principis-rupprechtii forest is an important vegetation formation and has a large distribution area in Luya mountain reserve. It plays significant roles in water conservation, eco-tourism, biodiversity maintaining etc. in Luya mountainous area. Many researches have been done on the forest community of Larix principis-rupprechtii, however few of them concerning its distribution pattern. Spatial pattern analysis of individuals in different age-classes of Larix principis-rupprechtii was done in present paper. The distribution pattern of plant species in communities is closely related to spatial scale. Here we employed the technique of point pattern analysis which can analyze patterns under all scales along a gradient. It is based on spatial mapped points of individuals distribution. Compared with quadrat sampling, traditional method can only analyze pattern in one scale. Therefore it is difficult to reflect species spatial characteristics completely, no matter how rational for quadrat size.The results of this study shows: The densities of five age-classes varied in the order: age-class 3> age-class 4>age-class 5>age-class 2>age-class 1. Although age-classes1 & 2 have much less individuals than other three age-classes do, the population is stable at present. However it will be necessary to take some measures for improving population regeneration from a long-time view. The individuals of all age-classes focus on clumping distribution in space, however their distribution pattern varied with the change of scale. This is mainly depending on biological features of Larix principis-rupprechtii and forest environments, but it is also means that the scale is an important factor in controlling spatial distribution pattern of tree individuals. The feature of clumping distribution becomes more significant with increasing of age. The relationships between individuals in different age-classes are almost all significantly correlated with each other. These associations become more significant within older age-classes. Th

关 键 词：种群格局 华北落叶松林 点格局分析 龄级 历史因素 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]