北京地区气溶胶质量浓度及组分随高度的变化  

Variation of Aerosol Mass Concentration and Element Composition with Height in Beijing Area

作　　者：王庚辰[1] 谢骅[1] 万小伟[1] 任丽新[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2004年第1期37-40,共4页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家科技部项目;北京市科技项目(H010510140113)

摘　　要：2000年6—7月在北京北郊利用气象观测塔对近地层大气中的气溶胶及其化学组分进行了观测,获得了代表夏冬2个季节的TSP,PM10,PM2.5等不同尺度的气溶胶粒子质量浓度以及气溶胶中Al,Ca,Fe,S,K,Zn,Pb等30种化学元素质量浓度随高度变化的资料。结果表明:①在近地大气层中,气溶胶质量浓度随高度增加而减小,冬季尤为明显,平均而言,夏季边界层中的气溶胶质量浓度为近地层相应值的90%左右,而在冬季,这个比率变化于70%～80%之间。②大气中的元素总质量浓度随高度增加而降低,在冬季这种降低尤为明显。③对于绝大多数元素而言,它们在TSP和PM10中的富集因子夏季随高度变化不大,但冬季它们在细粒子,尤其是在PM2.5中的富集因子随高度升高明显减小,而且地壳元素的减小幅度明显大于污染元素的减小幅度。Aerosol mass concentration and aerosol element composition were observed by using the meteorological observation tower in June to July 2000. Data on TSP, PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) concentration and 30 elements, such as Al, Ca, Fe, S, K, Zn, Pb, etc., have been obtained for the summer and winter respectively. Based on data analysis, the following results are drawn: (1) Decrease of aerosol concentration with height is found, especially in the winter. In average, proportion of aerosol concentration in boundary layer takes about 90% of that in near surface atmosphere in the summer, while in the winter this proportion ranges from 70% to 80%. (2) Decrease of total element concentration with height was observed, especially in the wintertime. (3) Enrichment factor of the most elements is decreased evidently with height in the fine particles in the winter. Moreover, the decrease amplitude for the crustal element is larger than that for pollution elements.

关 键 词：气溶胶 化学元素 高度 变化 

分 类 号：X823[环境科学与工程—环境工程]