稻田常用农药对水稻3个品种生理生化的影响  

Impacts of Pesticides on Physiology and Biochemistry of Rice

作　　者：吴进才[1] 许俊峰[1] 冯绪猛[1] 刘井兰[1] 邱慧敏[1] 罗时石[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学农学院,扬州225009

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2003年第5期536-541,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 3 0 0 70 12 2 )

摘　　要：报道了稻田常用的 5种农药 (扑虱灵 ,吡虫啉 ,井冈霉素 ,杀虫双 ,三唑磷 )对水稻 3个品种 (秀水 110 ,秀水 6 3,镇稻 2号 )生理生化的影响。结果表明 ,在用药后 3d ,5种农药处理均导致水稻体内草酸含量不同程度的下降 ,多数农药对秀水 110、镇稻 2号的影响大于秀水 6 3;农药对还原糖的影响不明显 ;对叶绿体含量的影响在不同品种间有差异 ,5种农药处理均引起镇稻 2号叶绿素含量显著下降 ,三唑磷、吡虫啉、井冈霉素对秀水 6 3影响较大 ,扑虱灵、杀虫双则不明显 ;农药对谷胱甘肽 S 转移酶 (GST)的影响也因品种和农药而异 ,同样对秀水 6 3的影响小于镇稻 2号和秀水 110 ,但对镇稻 2号除三唑磷处理GST显著下降外 ,吡虫啉、井冈霉素、杀虫双处理GST显著上升 ,扑虱灵处理对GST影响不大 ;5种农药严重影响了 3个水稻品种的光合速率 ,几乎所有处理光合速率均显著受抑制 ,最大抑制率可达 32 % ,其中对镇稻 2号和秀水 110的影响大于对秀水 6 3的。Impacts of five pesticides (buprofezin, imidacloprid,jinggangmycin, bisultap and triazophos)on physiology and biochemistry of three rice varieties (Xiushui110, Xiushui63, Zhendao2) were studied. The result showed that all of the 5 pesticides caused decline of the amount of oxalic acid at the third day after treatments. The effect of pesticides on Xiushui110 and Zhendao2 was greater than that on Xiushui63. However, there was no obvious effect of the pesticides on reducing sugar in rice leaf sheath. The effects of pesticides on chlorophyll were different among rice varieties. All pesticides caused significant decline of chlorophyll content of Zhendao2. For Xiushui63, triazophos,imidacloprid and jinggangmycin had a serious effect, while buprofezin and bisultap had hardly effect. Among 5 pesticides, triazophos had more serious effect on rice plant. The effects of pesticides on glutathione S transferase (GST) were also different among pesticides and rice varieties. The effects of pesticides on Zhendao2 and Xiushui110 were greater than on Xiushui, but for Zhendao2, GSTs after trentment with imidacloprid,jinggangmycin, bisultap increased significantly, while inversely for triazophos treatment. Buprofezin treatment had hardly impact on GST of rice plant. All pesticide treatments resulted in serious impacts on photosynthetic rate of three rice varieties, and inhibitied the photosynthetic rates significantly. The maximum of photosynthetic rate was decreased by 32% compared with control.

关 键 词：稻田 农药 水稻品种 生理学 生物化学 影响因素 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]