安全文化在复杂社会技术系统安全控制中的作用  

The Role of Safety Culture in Safety Control of Complicated Socio-Technical System

作　　者：于广涛[1] 王二平[1] 李永娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所,100101

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2003年第10期4-7,共4页China Safety Science Journal

摘　　要：随着复杂社会技术系统的发展 ,安全文化对于系统的安全运行越来越重要。安全文化是人们关于安全问题的价值观、态度及行为方式的集合体。人们往往在态度与价值观层次上利用问卷调查的形式探讨安全文化的维度结构 ,从而指导实践。安全文化在个体层面上通过影响安全绩效的决定因素来影响安全绩效 ,而从组织事故发生的路径来看 ,不良安全文化影响各级防御措施中的人与设备 ,是造成各种潜在失效和现行失效的根因。系统的安全控制应该充分利用安全文化进行管理 ,积极地推动安全文化建设 ,引导组织控制向社会控制转变 ,并且合理地应用安全文化评估进行组织前馈 。Safety culture is an aggregation of values, attitudes, and mode of behavior toward safety issues. It is more and more critical to the safety control as the complicated socio technical system develops. Most researchers study the dimensionality of safety culture through surveying people's attitudes and values. Safety culture influences the determinants of safety performance, and then influences the safety performance. But according to the path organizational accidents, the poor safety culture could affect all the people and equipment of preventive measure; it is the fundamental reason of the latent failures and active failures. It is suggested that safety management should fully apply the safety culture to turn organizational control into social control, and use safety culture assessment as the feed forward to well prevent accidents.

关 键 词：安全文化 复杂社会技术系统 安全控制 安全运行 安全控制 纵深防御 前馈 

分 类 号：X924[环境科学与工程—安全科学]