两种小菜蛾寄生蜂毒液器官超微结构的比较  

A comparative ultrastructure of the venom apparatus from two species of parasitic wasps (Hymenoptera)of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera)

作　　者：潘健[1] 陈学新[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院植保系,浙江杭州310029

出　　处：《电子显微学报》2003年第4期298-303,共6页Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金资助项目 (No .3 9970 0 993 0 170 12 0 )~~

摘　　要：应用超薄切片和电镜技术 ,观察比较了两种小菜蛾的内寄生蜂———小菜蛾盘绒茧蜂和半闭弯尾姬蜂毒液器官的形态结构。两种蜂的毒液器官均由一个毒囊和两条毒腺组成 ,但毒腺与毒囊的连接位点不同 ,毒腺分别接于毒囊的基部和顶端。它们的毒腺均由分泌细胞、退化的外胚层细胞和环腔的内膜三层结构构成 ,分泌细胞内含司分泌毒液的囊状细胞器及大量的内质网、线粒体、高尔基体、溶酶体和液泡。半闭弯尾姬蜂的分泌细胞内有分支的细胞核。小菜蛾盘绒茧蜂的毒囊由肌肉鞘和扁平细胞层构成 ,内膜呈波浪状内突并沿囊腔有几丁质增厚 ;半闭弯尾姬蜂的毒囊由肌肉鞘、分泌细胞和扁平细胞三层构成 ,分泌细胞基部内陷成一系列大的突起 ,这些结构与雌蜂的分泌和排出毒液的行为密切相关。在衰老的小菜蛾盘绒茧蜂的腺细胞中还存在大量的髓样体。本文就两种寄生蜂毒液器官的生物学、细胞生理学及相关的分类进化的意义进行了讨论。Morphology and ultrastructure of venom apparatus from two species of parasitic wasps of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera:Plutellidae), Cotesia plutellae (Hymenoptera:Braconidae)& Diadegma semiclausum (Hymenoptera:Ichneumonidae), were observed and compared by using light and electron microscope. Their venom apparatus had same struture: one venom reservoir and two gland filaments. But there was different juncture of gland filaments and reservoir between them: The gland filaments joined together at the end of reservoir in Cotesia plutellae, but at the top of reservoir in Diadegma semiclausum . Their gland filaments consisted of an outer single layer of secretory cells, a layer of degenerated ectodermal cells and an inner intima which lined the lumen. Secretory cells contained a lot of organelles: RER, mitochondrion, Golgi body, lysosomes and vacuole, in which vesicular organelles secreted the components of venom. The nucleus of secretory cells was branched in Diadegma semiclausum. The reservoir consisted of three layers as muscular sheath, secretory cells and squamous cells in Diadegma semiclausum , and the secretory cells were projected into lumen of reservoir. There was no secretory cells in reservoir of Cotesia plutellae , but its intima was thickened by chitin coat. Many myeloid bodies were observed in degenerated secretory cells from female Cotesia plutellae. The significance of venom apparatus of parasitic wasps in biology, cytology and evolution taxonomy were discussed.

关 键 词：小菜蛾 小菜蛾盘绒茧蜂 半闭弯尾姬蜂 毒液器官 超微结构 毒腺 毒囊 环腔 外胚层细胞 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]