综合重症监护病房医院感染调查分析  

Investigation of nosocomial infection in patients in ICU

作　　者：丘美娇[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南省人民医院,海南海口570311

出　　处：《中国感染控制杂志》2004年第1期22-23,28,共3页Chinese Journal of Infection Control

摘　　要：目的　了解综合重症监护病房 (ICU)患者医院感染状况 ,探讨其易感因素和防治措施。方法　以回顾性调查的方法对某院 2 0 0 0年 1月 1日～ 2 0 0 2年 12月 31日的ICU住院患者临床资料进行统计分析。结果　该院ICU患者医院感染率为 19.6 9% ,例次感染率为 2 8.19%。病种感染率以脑出血 ,脑梗死 ,大脑撕裂和挫伤为高。感染部位以下呼吸道占首位 ,为 6 0 .32 % ,其次是血液 (菌血症 )。感染病原菌仍以革兰阴性菌为主 ,占 6 7.83% ,其中以铜绿假单胞菌 (34.78% )为多 ,其次是真菌 (17.39% ) ;革兰阳性菌占 14 .78%。结论　ICU年度平均医院感染率显著高于普通病房 ,其医院感染危险因素与患者基础疾病的严重程度及免疫力 ,是否实施侵入性诊疗操作和消毒灭菌质量等相关。Objective To investigate the nosocomial infection (NI) in patients in ICU, and analyse the risk factors and preventive measures. Methods The clinical data of all patients who were hospitalized between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2002 were surveyed retrospectively. Results NI in patients in ICU was 19.69%, the case prevalence rate was 28.19%, the infection often occurred in patients with cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, cerebral laceration and contusion; lower respiratory tract infection was the most common infection (60.32%), the next was bacteremia; Gram-negative bacteria was the main pathogens causing NI (67.83%), most of which was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (34.78%), followed by fungi (17.39%). Conclusion The NI rate of ICU is higher than that of the other departments, the risk factors depend on the severity of underlying diseases, patients immunity status, invasive procedure and the quality of disinfection and sterilization.

关 键 词：综合重症监护病房 ICU 医院感染 病原菌 感染率 医学 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学] R197.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]