装修后居室空气污染及健康效应  

Indoor Air Pollution and Its Health Effects in Newly Decorated Rooms

作　　者：胡衡生[1] 张新英[1] 黄文珊[2] 马建强[1] 罗洪亮[1] 黄励[1] 朱易[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西师范学院环境科学系,广西南宁530001 [2]广西壮族自治区人民医院,广西南宁530022

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2004年第1期47-49,共3页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：广西自然科学基金资助项目(桂科自0135042);广西师范学院环境硕士点建设;广西科技创新金源单位项目资助

摘　　要：目的探讨装修后居室空气污染及健康效应。方法选择新装修的13户家庭在装修后的第1～4天、2个月和6个月进行室内空气采样,测定室内空气中甲醛、苯、对二甲苯、间二甲苯、邻二甲苯的浓度,同时对家庭成员装修前后眼及呼吸系统的不良反应进行流行病学调查。结果室内空气甲醛浓度超标2.92倍以上,苯、二甲苯超标7.4～11.3倍及58.2～87.1倍。装修后室内空气污染物浓度随时间的延长呈下降趋势。家庭成员中流泪和打喷嚏、支气管炎或咳嗽、哮喘、头晕的阳性率在装修前分别为0%、3.0%、3.0%、0%,装修后上升至24.2%、7.6%、6.1%、7.6%。结论室内装修可导致室内空气中甲醛和苯系物污染,污染程度与装修的复杂程度成正比,并与装修材料的质量有关,装修还导致家庭成员眼部及呼吸系统的不良反应的阳性率上升。Objective To explore the indoor air pollution and its health effects in newly decorated rooms. Methods Indoor air sampling was conducted in rooms of 13 newly decorated apartments during the period from the 1st day to the 4th day, the 2nd month and the 6th month after the decoration. The levels of formaldehyde, benzene, o-dimthylbenzene, m-dimethylbenzene, para-dimethylbenzene in air samples were analyzed. An epidemiological investigation on the adverse response of eye and respiratory system was carried out among the family members before and after decoration. Results The levels of formaldehyde, benzene and dimethylbenzene in indoor air exceeded ther related standards more than 2.92 times, 7.4-11.3 times, 58.2-87.1 times respectively, and showed a decreasing trend with the prolongation of time after decoration. The positive rates of shedding tears and sneezing, branchitis or cough, asthma, dizziness among family members were 0%, 3.0%, 3.0%, 0% respectirely before decoration and rose to 24.2%, 7.6%, 6.1%, 7.6% respectively after decoration. Conclusion The indoor decoration resulted in the indoor air pollution by formaldehyde and benzene compounds, the contamination degree showed a positive correlation with the degree of complicated decoration and was associated with the quality of decorative materials. Indoor decoration also resulted in the increasing positive rates of adverse response of eye and respiratory system.

关 键 词：空气污染 室内空气 甲醛 苯 健康效应 居室装修 空气卫生 

分 类 号：R122[医药卫生—环境卫生学] X503.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]