北京房山大足鼠耳蝠食鱼性及回声定位信号  

Piscivorous Habit and Echolocation Sound of Myotis ricketti at Fangshan,Beijing

作　　者：马杰[1] 张礼标[1] 梁冰[1] 沈钧贤[2] 张树义[1] JONES Gareth 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院动物研究所,北京100080 [2]中国科学院生物物理研究所视觉信息加工重点实验室,北京100101 [3]School of Biological Sciences,UniversityofBristol

出　　处：《Zoological Research》2003年第4期265-268,共4页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金杰出青年基金资助项目 ( 3 0 0 2 5 0 0 7) ;国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 3 0 170 2 5 0 ;3 0 2 70 169) ;国家科技部基础研究重大项目前期研究专项 ( 2 10 0CCA0 0 70 0 ) ;中国科学院创新项目 (KSCX 3 -IOZ -0 3 );重要创新方向项目(KSCX2

摘　　要：大足鼠耳蝠 (Myotisricketti)具有食鱼蝙蝠的形态特征 ,但食鱼习性待考。以北京房山种群为对象 ,夜间在洞口悬挂雾网 ,捕获取食返洞大足鼠耳蝠共 18只 ,胃检发现 7例全为鱼类 (宽鳍 ,鲫鱼和洛氏 ) ,10例以鱼类为主 ,仅 1例全为昆虫。室内实验观察到捕鱼行为 2 5 6次 ,成功率 12 5 %。如此 ,该种具食鱼习性的猜测得到证实。回声定位信号属调频型 ,扫频范围从 6 7 4 0kHz到 2 3 6 3kHz ,主频 (38 2 1± 1 18)kHz ,声信号时程 (2 5 8± 0 34)ms。The big footed bat ( Myotis ricketti ) is morphologically similar to piscivorous M vivesi and Noctilio leporinus ,but its piscivorous habit leaves a question open.Eighteen of the returning bats were captured with netting at the entrance of their living cave in Fangshan County,Beijing at night.Of 18 stomachs examined,the remains of seven were exclusively fishes ( Zacco platypus,Carassius auratus and Phoxinus lagowskii ),those of 10 were mainly fish fragments and only one was consisted of insects.In experimental observation,the rate of success in catching fish was 12 5% of 256.The findings indicate that M ricketti is piscivorous.Echolocation sounds of the bat were frequency modulated downward from 67 40 to 23 63 kHz with main energy at 38 21±1 18 kHz and short pulse duration of 2 58±0 34 ms.The echolocation sounds are somewhat species specific.

关 键 词：大足鼠耳蝠 食鱼性 回声定位信号 形态特征 

分 类 号：Q43[生物学—生理学]