从无芒稗花粉活力评价其与转基因抗除草剂水稻基因漂移的可能性  

Assessment on the possibility of gene flow between transgenic herbicide-resistant rice and Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis from the pollen vitality of E. crusgalli var. mitis

作　　者：宋小玲[1] 强胜[1] 孙明珠[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学杂草研究室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《广西植物》2003年第4期343-346,342,共5页Guihaia

基　　金：国家科技部转基因专项基金(E200102);国家自然科学基金(30170164);国家教育部博士点基金(2000030708)资助项目

摘　　要：为给转基因抗除草剂水稻和稗草间的基因漂移研究提供必要的信息,探寻了无芒稗(Echinochloacrusgalli var.mitis)花粉活力及其测定的最佳方法,并利用该方法测定了无芒稗开花盛期后离体和活体条件下不同时间的花粉活力。结果表明无芒稗开花盛期取样离体条件下花粉活力下降较快,3 h后花粉活力只有5.41％,活体条件下花粉活力下降较慢,3 h后仍有17.31％的花粉有活力。这说明无芒稗花粉在水稻开花时仍有部分保持活力,因而存在潜在的基因漂移可能性。同时用最佳培养基法测定了不同条件处理下(紫外灯照射,反复冻融,黑暗放置)无芒稗花粉活力,结果表明无芒稗花粉在不利环境条件下活力难以保持。The optimal method for testing pollen vitality of Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis was researched for providing useful information on gene flow between transgenic herbicide-resistant rice and E. crusgalli var. mitis. The vitality of pollen putting in natural environment after collection and collecting directly from spikes at different time were tested with the optimal culture medium. The results demonstrated that the vitality of pollen putting in natural environment after collection decreased quickly at different time. And at 3 h after collecting pollen vitality only were 5. 41 %. The vitality of pollen collecting from spikes directly decreased slower than the former. At 3 h after anthesis,the pollen vitality was still 17. 31%. This showed the pollen of E. crusgalli var. mitis. could keep vitality when rice were blooming. The possibility of potential gene flow could exist between transgenic herbicide-resistant rice and E. crusgalli var. mitis. The pollen vitality of E. crusgalli var. mitis. were tested under different conditions (by irradiated under ultraviolet radiation,by repeated freezing and thawing and by put in dark condition). The results showed that it is difficult to keep the pollen vi- tality under adverse condition.

关 键 词：无芒稗 花粉活力 抗除草剂转基因水稻 潜在基因漂移 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] Q943.2[生物学—植物学]