蒜头果的濒危原因研究  

Study on the endangered causes for Malania oleifera

作　　者：梁月芳 吴曙光 黎向东 

机构地区：[1]南宁市林业局,广西南宁530022 [2]广西大学林学院,广西南宁530001

出　　处：《广西植物》2003年第5期404-407,共4页Guihaia

基　　金：广西林业局"九五"资助项目 (林科字 [1 996 ]2 1号 )

摘　　要：蒜头果是我国特有的常绿阔叶树种 ,形态解剖上既有原始性状 ,又有较进化的特征 ,对研究铁青树科的分类有一定意义。它的种仁油脂可作为合成麝香酮的理想原料 ,被列为国家二级保护植物。目前已陷入易危的境地。本文对天然蒜头果的地理分布与资源、生物学和生态学特性及其环境因子影响等方面进行了分析讨论 ,试图揭示其濒危原因。研究结果表明 ,蒜头果固有的生物学特性不利于种群的发展 ,动物对蒜头果果实的取食和危害又使得本来就有限的种子数量大为减少 ,人类活动的破坏不仅直接减少了蒜头果资源 ,同时也破坏了蒜头果的适生环境 ,从而不利于蒜头果的生长和天然更新。Malania oleifera Chun et Lee,an evergreen broad-leaves woodplant endemic to china,has much original properties on dissection and relatively evolved characteristics. It has certain meanings to study the classification of oleifera. The oil in the seeds can be acted as ideal raw materials of muscone. Now M. oleifera is ranged as national second protection species and becoming endangered. This paper discusses the endangered causes of M. oleifera from the geographical distribution,the resources,the biological and ecological characteristics,and the effect of the environmental factors. The results show that:(1)The inherent biological characteristics of M. oleifera are not suitable to its development. (2)It also makes the original limited seeds quantity reduce greatly because some animals prey on and endanger the fruits. (3)Human's activities not only decrease directly the quantity of M. oleifera but also destroy its suitable environment so as to not benefit its growth and natural regeneration.

关 键 词：蒜头果 濒危原因 生物学 生态学特性 种子 幼苗 铁青树科 

分 类 号：Q949.741.2[生物学—植物学] Q948