华山松球蚜形态特征及生物学特性研究  

A Study on the Morphology and Biology of the Adelgid Aphid Pineus armandicola

作　　者：郑润兰 张毅宁 马骏 

机构地区：[1]昆明市林业科技推广总站,云南昆明650223 [2]昆明市林业科学研究所,云南昆明650223

出　　处：《西南林学院学报》2003年第1期67-70,共4页Journal of Southwest Forestry College

摘　　要：华山松球蚜是华山松的重要害虫 ,在昆明地区 1年发生 8代 ,春夏季平均 42d 1代 ,秋冬季 5 1d 1代 ,世代重叠 ,无明显的休眠现象 .在海拔 2 60 0m以上的寒冷地区多以无翅蚜和老熟若虫在合拢的 1年生针叶及松梢芽苞片内越冬 ,少数以卵在 1年生或 2年生针叶背面越冬 .雌虫平均卵量 ( 2～ 4月 ) 5 0粒 ,产卵历期 5～ 1 2d ,卵孵化率 90 %以上 .若虫 4龄 ,1龄若虫经 2～ 4d后在当年生针叶上固定直至发育为成虫 ,行孤雌生殖 .有翅蚜于 3月下旬开始分化 ,4月中旬至 5月上旬是有翅蚜的峰期 。The adelgid aphid Pineus armandicola is an important pest of Pinus armandii .The aphid has 8 generations each year in Kunming district.In average,it takes 42 days in spring and summer or 51 days in autumn and winter for the insect to finish one generation.The different generations are overlapping.The aphid has no distinct dormancy in Kunming district,in the cold area over altitude of 2 600 m,most individuals overwinter by dealate adults (virginogeniae) and mature nymphs in one year old needle clumps or bud bracts of the top twigs,a few individuals overwinter by eggs on the lower surface of one or two years old needles.Each female adult produces 50 eggs in average.The egg stage lasts for 5 to 12 days.Hatching rate of eggs is over 90%.The nymph has 4 instars.After 2 to 4 days,the first instar nymphs fix on the new growing needles until they develop to adult stage.The aphid leads a parthenogenesis life.The alate adults (virginogeniae) firstly appear in late March,and the peak period is observed from mid April to early May.The differentiation of alate adults is an important factor for the migratory dispersal and proliferation of the aphid population.

关 键 词：华山松球蚜 形态特征 生物学特性 华山松害虫 有翅蚜 分化 

分 类 号：S763.712.4[农业科学—森林保护学]