精确农业自动变量施肥机控制系统设计与实现  

Design of control system of variable rate fertilizer applicator in precision agriculture

作　　者：张书慧[1] 马成林[1] 杜巧玲[1] 聂昕 吴才聪[1] 韩云霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,长春130025 [2]长春供电公司,长春130025

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2004年第1期113-116,共4页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：吉林省科委项目(编号:吉科合字第20000201-3-1号)

摘　　要：设计制造了一个以AT89C52单片机为中心的自动变量施肥控制系统。该系统接收GPS位置信号,以此判断施肥机所在的操作单元,通过监测施肥机的前进速度和读取存储在IC卡上的施肥量来控制施肥机上的排肥轴的转速,实现实时自动变量施肥。试验结果证明:该系统可将GPS、GIS、传感器信息和决策数据等信息综合处理,在施肥机前进速度为4.5～5.5km/h,施肥量在200kg/hm2以上时,能够使步进电机工作转速在33～91r/min范围内,施肥机排肥平均误差为4.22%。A control system for variable rate fertilizer machinery with a single chip 'AT89C52' was designed and built. It received the positioning signal from GPS and identifies the operation cell where fertilizer machinery locateed in. By reading the signal of sensor of fertilizer machinery and the application rate of fertilizer of the operation cell stored in IC card, the system controled the rotate velocity of fertilizer feed. Then the fertilizer mechanism could work automatically in real time. The experiment showed that the control system could synthetically process the signals of GPS, GIS, the sensor and the decision data. When the application rate of fertilizer was more than 200 kg/hm^2 and the fertilizer machinery velocity was between 4.5 km/h and 5.5 km/h, the control system could make the fertilizer feed run at 33～91 r/min. The average error of the application rate of fertilizer was less than 4.22%.

关 键 词：精确农业 变量施肥 GPS GIS IC卡 单片机 角度/数字编码器 控制系统 

分 类 号：TP7[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] S147.2[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]