早熟杂交水稻超高产育种初探  

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON SUPERIOR HIGH-YIELDING BREEDING OF EARLY-MATURING HYBRID RICE

作　　者：刘表喜[1] 彭俊华[1] 何跃忠[1] 陈忠伦 

机构地区：[1]四川省农科院作物所,成都610066

出　　处：《西南农业学报》1992年第4期7-13,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：按照通过利用早熟显性或不完全显性基因,在维持迟熟杂交稻双亲较大遗传距离和F_1较强产量杂种优势的前提下,缩短生育期,达到早熟杂交稻超高产育种目标的思路。采用远缘杂交法选育出了新不育系“早显A”,获得了不完全显性早熟基因;用“早显A”与“明恢63”等优良迟熟恢复系组配的杂交种,均表现早熟、高产,可比同熟期对照“汕窄8号”增产20％以上。本文还对超高产早熟杂交稻的育种与应用策略作了探讨。According to a new viewpoint on superior highyielding breeding of early-maturing hybrid rice, i. e. when the greater genetic distance between parents and the stronger grain yield heterosis of F1 in late-maturing hybrid rice remained constant, through the adoption of dominant early-maturing gene, the growth duration of late-maturing hybrid rice could be shortened, and the superior high-yielding early-maturing hybrid combinations would be obtained. An early-maturity of new CMS line Zaoxian A derived from a distant cross Zhen-shan 97B/F2 (O.longistaminata/O.rufipogon) controlled by one pair of incomplete dominance genes was developed. The hybrid rice combinations derived from the crosses of Zaoxian A with the late-maturing restorer lines were all early-maturing, and significantly outyielded (>20%) the provincial check Shanzhai 8 with the same growth duration as the hybrids. The prospect of superior high-yielding early-maturing hybrid rice was also discussed in this paper.

关 键 词：杂交稻 育种 遗传 早熟性 

分 类 号：S511.103.2[农业科学—作物学]