正常胎儿脑垂体的MRI与组织学对照研究  

Normal Fetal Pituitary Gland: Study on MR Imaging with Histological Correlation

作　　者：马林[1] 高育璈[1] 高元桂[1] 梁燕[1] 罗毅[2] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院放射诊断科,北京100853 [2]解放军总医院神经病理室,北京100853

出　　处：《中国医学影像学杂志》2004年第1期50-52,共3页Chinese Journal of Medical Imaging

摘　　要：目的 :MR成像观察正常胎儿垂体的大小、形态及信号强度 ,结合组织学对垂体信号进行研究。材料和方法 :正常胎儿标本 3 2例 ,胎龄 16～ 3 9周。行MRT1WI扫描 ,对MR图像行计算机处理并行统计学分析。结果 :胎儿垂体前后径、高度及宽度均与胎龄呈正相关 ;垂体形态为凸起型 ;前叶和后叶均为高信号 ,且前叶信号高于后叶信号 ,垂体形态及信号与胎龄不相关。垂体前叶的组织学特征为腺细胞密度大 ,细胞内内质网和分泌颗粒数量较多。结论 :正常胎儿垂体各径线的持续性增加及其凸起的形态反映了妊娠阶段胎儿垂体迅速生长的特点 ,T1WI前叶高信号可能与垂体腺细胞内磷脂膜结构及蛋白质含量较高而导致结合水增加有关。Purpose: To investigate the size, shape, and signal intensities of the pituitary gland in normal human fetus by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and to study the histologic basis of the signals in the pituitary gland. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two histologically normal fetal specimens, 16～39 week's gestational age, were studied by MR T1-weighted images. MR images were processed with a computer-aided image analysis system and the data were statistically evaluated. Results: The anteroposterior length, height, and width of the fetal pituitary gland showed a significant positive correlation with the gestational age. The shape of the pituitary gland remained convex. Both the anterior and the posterior pituitary gland demonstrated high signals on T1-weighted images and the signals in the anterior gland were statistically higher than that in the posterior gland. The shape and signal of the gland, however, showed no statistical correlation with age. The fetal anterior pituitary gland was histologically featured by an increased amount of endoplasmic reticulum and hormone-contained secretory granules, as well as a high cellular density. Conclusion: The persistent increase in the size of the normal fetal pituitary gland and its convex shape reflected the high growth rate during the developing period. The main cause of the normal high signals in the anterior pituitary gland on T1-weighted images may be a high content of intracellular phospholipid bilayer membrane and protein, resulting in an increase in bound water proportion.

关 键 词：胎儿 脑垂体 MRI 图像处理 组织学检查 

分 类 号：R714.51[医药卫生—妇产科学] R445.2[医药卫生—临床医学]