镇江市院前救治0～14岁儿童特征分析  

Characteristics analysis of children aged 0～14 of pre-hospital care in Zhenjiang City

作　　者：陈志刚 吴敏 纪学颖 

机构地区：[1]镇江市急救中心,江苏镇江212003

出　　处：《灾害医学与救援（电子版）》2015年第3期141-143,共3页Disaster Medicine and Rescue(Electronic Edition)

摘　　要：目的:通过分析院前救治的镇江市0~14岁儿童流行病学特点,为该群体的健康教育提供指导性建议。方法:回顾性分析2014年1~12月镇江市急救中心院前救治的低龄儿童的病历资料。结果:共救治209例,年龄[M(Qr)=3(2,11)],其中男126例,女83例,男女比例1.25:1。其中因高热引起的惊厥是主要的救治原因,共79例(37.80%),其中以4岁及以下儿童多见,共63例(79.75%);创伤占第二位,共38例(18.18%)。溺水的2例,其中1例为院前呼吸心跳停止。救治时间主要分布在10:00~22:00,总数为151例(72.25%)。意外伤害导致的儿童患者共47例(22.49%),其中男31例,女16例,男女比例为1.94:1,但差异不显著(χ~2=0.8143,P>0.05);导致意外伤害的主要原因为交通伤28例(59.57%)。结论:针对儿童的健康,镇江地区应特别关注4岁及以下低龄儿童,并特别注意预防热性惊厥、交通伤导致的意外伤害。Objective:To investigate the status of disaster preparedness and relief capability of outpatient department nurses in a military hospital to give an advice on how to prevent and improve the training capacity.Methods:To investigate 34 nurses in a military hospital outpatient department by taking the disaster readiness questionnaire and disaster relief survey. Results:The sample of nurses were short of disaster preparedness. Although all nurses could know well disaster relief classification evacuation and emergency rescue position, and 79.4% nurses could formulate self-rescue plans, and 88.3% nurses had taken part in relevant training of disaster relief, the department had never developed'Three Defense'medical rescue training. The sample of nurses were short of disaster nursing knowledge, the correct rate of 11 questions was 64.5%. In the knowledge level of care for the injury assessment, CPR,bleeding, surgical dressings, fixation, handling,the grasp rates were much better as high as 85%.The correct rates were 64%-77% in classification delivery and defense of infectious diseases.The correct rates were 20%-24% in'Three Defense'medical rescue knowledge.Intermediate grade, undergraduate nurses in grasp situation of emergency rescue knowledge was significantly higher than junior ones or college educated nurses, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion:The low level of disaster response preparedness and disaster relief capacity needs to be improved, good preparation in peacetime relief work and disaster relief training and exercises needs to be strengthened in order to improve the level of disaster relief for military hospital outpatient department nurses.

关 键 词：儿童 院前急救 特征 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]