18世纪初清在康区东部设置土司行动述评  

A Review of the Qing Action in Setting up Tusi in Eastern Kham at the Beginning of the Eighteenth Century

作　　者：赵心愚[1] Zhao Xinyu(Southwest Minzu University)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学

出　　处：《藏学学刊》2017年第2期181-193,316-317,共14页Journal of Tibetology

基　　金：2017年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“西藏地方志资料的整理与研究”(17ZDA159)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：西炉之役后,清于18世纪初采取多种措施稳定打箭炉及康区东部地区,其中最具基础性并与其他措施相关联的措施是在这一地区设置大批土司。设置土司的行动在参战清军未撤出时已经开始,但不是一次完成,整个行动具有不求快而求稳的特点。除明正土司为复设外,此时在康区东部新设的土司有土百户、土千户及安抚司,共55员,分布在今泸定县至雅砻江东岸广大地区。对18世纪初在康区东部设置的这批土司,清政府针对当地的实际情况采取三大措施以加强管理,收效明显,影响也极为深远。清18世纪初在康区东部采取的这一行动,标志着清直接治理康区已开始,其治藏战略也由此迈出重要一步。After the Xilu(referring to the Dartsedo region)battle,the Qing government adopted various measures to stabilize Dartsedo(Dajianlu;Ta-chien-lu)and eastern Kham at the beginning of the eighteenth century.The most fundamental of these measures was to set up a large number of tusi(indigenous leaders appointed by the imperial court)in these areas.The action of setting up tusi offices had already begun well before the Qing army,who participated in the battle,had withdrawn from these areas.It was a gradual process and was not completed at one time.In addition to the reinstating of the Mingzheng tusi(the Lcags la rgyal po),there were fifty-five newly created tusi offices,including the tubaihu(the indigenous centurion;Brgya dpon),the tuqianhu(chiliarch;Stong dpon)and the anfusi(the Pacification Commissioner)in Eastern Kham during this time.They were distributed in a broad area from present day Luding(Lcags zam kha)county to the eastern bank of the Yalung River(Nyag chu).For these newly created tusi offices in Eastern Kham at the beginning of the eighteenth century,the Qing government had taken three major measures to strengthen the management according to the local situation,and they had obvious effects and a far-reaching influence.The action taken by the Qing government at the beginning of the eighteenth century marked the beginning of the Qing’s direct rule of Kham,and its strategy for the management of Tibetan areas had thus taken an important step.

关 键 词：打箭炉 土百户 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]