基于有向图相似的应急响应程序模块化问题研究  

The Research on Emergency Response Procedures Modularity Based on the Similarity of Directed Graph

作　　者：邓婕[1,2] 池宏[1,3] 许保光 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院科技政策与管理科学研究所,北京100190 [2]江南大学商学院,江苏无锡214122 [3]中国科学院大学公共政策与管理学院,北京100049

出　　处：《中国管理科学》2017年第4期115-123,共9页Chinese Journal of Management Science

摘　　要：对于发生频率低,影响力大的突发事件,组织与个人的应急经验将影响判断与决策。应急响应程序在突发事件的响应过程中起着指导作用,通过对多个应急预案中响应程序分析发现,一些行动措施经常按照固定次序重复出现,如果将这种组合关系规范化,并固定成为模块,响应时间将会缩短,应急机构与人员之间的协调将会改善,模块的产生为应急预案的快速调整以及应急培训提供参考方案。本文的主要目的是从多个应急响应程序中提取具有通用性与特殊性的模块,首先对多个应急响应程序叠加起来的有向总图进行了分割,通过定义的有向图相似性判断候选模块的代表性,最后以复原应急响应程序的差异性之和与模块接口之和为目标,建立数学规划模型,并设计启发式算法求解,将有向总图所有的边分配到响应程序模块。通过案例计算分析,验证所提方法可以获得所需模块,并为实现应急响应程序快速重构与功能组合提供了方法基础。In very low-frequency,high-consequence emergency events,agroup or individual's prior experience will influence judgments and decision.Emergency response procedures play aguiding role when emergency accidents happen.Through analyzing multiple emergency response procedures,it is found that some actions repeatedly work together with a sequence,if those actions can be normalizedand fixed as a module,reaction time will be reduced and coordination will be improved,the generation of emergency modular will provide a suggestion for the same type of emergency accident on adjusting and emergency training.The purpose of this paper is to extract the commonality and particularity module from multiple emergency response procedures,firstly partition the general directed graphwhich is formed by superimposing multiple emergency response procedures,and determine therepresentative of candidate module by defining the similarity of the directed graph.Finally,a mathematical programming model whose goal is to minimum the sum of procedures' difference and module's interface is built.Then,by designing the heuristic algorithm,all edges of general directed graph are distributed to response procedure modules.Through analyzing the case,it is verified that this method can obtain the module with demand,and it provides a methodological basis for rapidly reconstruction and functional combination on emergency response procedures.

关 键 词：应急管理 有向图相似 响应程序模块 模块化 

分 类 号：C931.1[经济管理—管理学] O221.4[理学—运筹学与控制论]