完善我国预付费交易法律规制的思考  

Thinking on Improving the Legal Regulation of Chinese Prepayment Trading

作　　者：胡家强[1] 孙骥韬 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学法政学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第3期95-101,共7页Journal of Ocean University of China(Social Sciences)

基　　金：山东省社科规划项目"预付费交易法律规制研究"(13CFXJ09)

摘　　要：预付费交易具有费用的预先支付性、交易存续的时限性以及交易风险的单方面性等五大特点。预付费交易的法律性质应属消费服务类合同,在现实中主要存在霸王条款众多、具体消费时受限、服务与商品质量不符预定标准、预付资金得不到应有保障等七大法律问题。商务部《单用途商业预付卡管理办法(试行)》层级较低,且规定不够合理,为此,有必要吸收部分省市的成功经验,在《消费者权益保护法》中增加七项经营者的经营义务,补充消费者应享有的四项权利;在《合同法》分则中增加消费服务合同的类型,并对预付费交易合同做出四项特别规定。同时制定《预付费交易管理条例》,在经营者市场准入、登记与申报、保证金或第三方担保、预付款使用与监管、风险救济基金、监管主体、示范合同文本、行业自律、法律责任等问题作出明确规定。T he prepayment trading has such features as paying in advance ,the time limitation of the deal persistence and even the unilateral risk of trading .T he legal nature of the prepayment trading belongs to service and consumer contract ,w hich is reflected in seven legal issues ,such as numerous unfair clauses , the limitation of consuming ,the gap between the actual service and product quality and expected standard , and lack of prepayment funding protection .Although Chinese Department of Commerce has published T he Regulations of Single‐purpose Commercial Prepayment Cards (Trial version) ,there are a lot to be im‐proved in the regulations and successful experience to be learned from other provinces . The following measures can be taken:seven proprietors'obligations and four consumers'rights should be added to Con‐sumer Protection Act ;types of consumer and service contracts must be supplemented to and four specific regulations must be made in Contract Law ;meanwhile , The Regulations of Prepayment Trading and some specific rules must be enacted to specify proprietors'admittance systems ,registration and declara‐tion ,deposit or third party guarantee ,supervision and using of prepayment funding ,risk relief funding , supervision subject ,exemplary contract in trade ,self‐regulations and legal responsibilities .

关 键 词：预付费 不规范现象 法律规制 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学] D923.6[政治法律—法学]