克拉玛依油田职工病毒性肝炎防治健康教育效果评价  

Evaluation on health education effect of virus hepatitis prevention and control among the employees in Karamay City

作　　者：康家琦 黄玉莲[2] 李君梅[2] 帕力旦 郑徽[3] 杨希忠 陈园生[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国肝炎防治基金会,北京100050 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区克拉玛依市疾病预防控制中心,新疆克拉玛依834000 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心,北京102206

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2015年第6期561-563,590,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：中国肝炎防治基金会中国病毒性肝炎防控能力中心项目(CFHPC2013020);新疆维吾尔自治区科学技术支撑项目(201233141)

摘　　要：目的提高克拉玛依油田职工病毒性肝炎认知水平,评价干预效果。方法通过多层次健康教育向4000名油田职工普及肝炎防治知识,分别在干预前后调查了549名和426名职工,比较知晓率变化。结果基线调查显示17个知识点中有10个知识点的知晓率低于50%,其中"丙肝主要传播途径"知晓率为14.0%、"潜伏期病人可传播HAV"为16.2%、"与HBV携带者共餐不会感染HBV"为18.0%、"隐性感染者可传播HAV"为21.1%,"甲肝可通过不洁饮食传播"为21.5%。而干预后17个知识点15个知识点知晓率明显提高,基线调查和终期评估问卷平均得分分别为(51.4±21.6)分和(75.6±11.1)分,差异具有统计学意义(t=21.5,P<0.01)。干预后部分知识知晓率仍较低,仅23.5%认为"甲肝可通过不洁饮食传播";仍然有22.5%的调查对象表示"不愿与乙肝病毒携带者共餐"。结论在克拉玛依油田职工中开展病毒性肝炎防治健康教育效果显著,应注重肝炎传播途径的宣传,加强甲肝防治知识的普及工作。Objective To improve the awareness of viral hepatitis among employees of Karamay oil-field,and evaluate the effect of intervention. Methods 4000 employees were enrolled to receive health education activities on hepatitis prevention and control. In order to compare the change of cognitive level,549 and 426 subjects were involved to fill a questionnaire before and after intervention. Results Among 17 knowledge points in questionnaire before intervention,the awareness rate of 10 knowledge points was less than 50%,and the rate was 14. 0% for 'the main transmission way of HCV',16. 2% for 'patients can transmit HAV during the incubation period',18. 0% for 'HBV can’t be transmitted when dining with HBV carriers',21. 1% for'the latent infection can spread HAV to others' and the rate was 21. 5% for 'hepatitis A can spread by the unclean diet'. The awareness rate had obviously been improved after intervention. The scores of the questionnaire survey before and after intervention were(51. 4 ± 21. 6) and(75. 6 ± 11. 1),respectively. And the difference was statistically significant( t = 21. 5,P < 0. 01). However,the awareness rate of some knowledge was still low relatively,even after intervention. Only 23. 5% of subjects believed‘hepatitis A could spread through contaminated food and drinking water’and 22. 5% of them showed no willing to eat with HBV carriers. Conclusion The health education effect of virus hepatitis prevention and control is remarkable among the employees in the field operation in Karamay City. Knowledge on the route of hepatitis transmission and education among the minority population should be paid more attention in future. And it is important to popularize the knowledge of hepatitis A in this area.

关 键 词：病毒性肝炎 健康教育 评价 

分 类 号：R512.6[医药卫生—内科学]