黑色地膜对白菜类蔬菜落地种子和亲本种子幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of Black Mulch on Seedling Growth of Seeds Existing in the Soil and Parent Seeds for Chinese Cabbage Vegetables

作　　者：张德双[1] 张凤兰[1] 余阳俊[1] 赵岫云[1] 于拴仓[1] 汪维红[1] 苏同兵 卢桂香[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究中心北京京研益农科技发展中心,北京100097

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2015年第3期33-37,共5页China Vegetables

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-25);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20140111);十字花科;茄果类;瓜类蔬菜良种繁育技术集成与产业化项目〔2011BAD35B07(01)〕

摘　　要：落地种子对白菜类蔬菜商品种子纯度的不利影响越来越明显,探讨有效抑制落地种子出苗的方法尤为重要。本文研究了在阳畦中覆盖黑色地膜、白色地膜对亲本和落地种子幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:覆盖白色地膜和黑色地膜均有利于亲本幼苗生长,对亲本幼苗而言,覆盖黑色地膜和白色地膜的叶片数、单株质量、地上部质量、地下部质量均极显著高于不覆膜对照,而覆盖白色地膜的单株质量、地上部质量又极显著高于覆盖黑色地膜;对落地种子幼苗而言,覆盖黑色地膜的株数最少,单株质量居中,覆盖白色地膜的株数居中,单株质量最高,而不覆膜对照的株数最多,单株质量最低。说明覆盖黑色地膜对促进亲本幼苗生长及抑制落地种子出苗的效果最好,为最佳选择。The unfavorable influence of seeds existing in the soil on the purity of commercial seeds production of Chinese cabbage vegetables becomes more and more obvious.So it is even more important to discuss how to effectively inhibit their emergence.This paper studied the effect of black and white mulch in cold frame on seedling growth of parent and seeds existing in the soil.The results showed that black and white mulch were all beneficial to seedling growth of parent.For the parent seedlings,under black and white mulch the number of leaves,weight of single plant,weight of up-ground plant,and weight of down-ground plant were very significantly higher than those of the CK.While under white mulch,the single plant weight and up-ground plant weight were very significantly higher than those under black mulch.As for the seeds existing in the soil,under black mulch the number of seedlings was the least,single plant weight was mediate.While under white mulch,the number of seedlings was mediate,single plant weight was the highest.In the CK the number of seedlings was maximum,but single plant weight was minimum. These results indicated that black mulch had the best effect on promoting the seedling growth of parent and inhibiting the emergence of seeds existing in the soil.Black mulch in cold frame was the optimal choice.

关 键 词：白菜类蔬菜 杂交制种 阳畦育苗 黑色地膜 落地种子 

分 类 号：S634[农业科学—蔬菜学]