油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)和柠条(Caragana korshinskii)生理生态特性的昼夜变化特征与调节机制  

Circadian Variations and Regulation Mechanism of Eco-physiological Characteristics of Artemisia ordosica and Caragana korshinskii

作　　者：陈栋[1,2] 周海燕[1] 李培广[3] 陈永乐[1,2] 王艳莉 赵昕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙坡头沙漠研究试验站/极端环境生物抗逆特性与生物技术实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园,云南昆明653300

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2015年第6期1549-1556,共8页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAC07B03);宁夏科技支撑计划项目;宁夏旅游开发公司项目

摘　　要：研究了两种优良固沙植物油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)和柠条(Caragana korshinskii)的光合生理、水分生理和根、茎、叶渗透调节物质的昼夜变化特征。结果显示:空气相对湿度在夜间大幅度回升,植物的昼夜叶温差高于气温差。植物日间呈光合作用,夜间呈呼吸作用,油蒿的光合速率和呼吸速率均高于柠条;日间光合作用出现的光抑制可在日落时迅速恢复。日间气孔导度和蒸腾速率呈现大幅度的波动,在夜间趋于低缓,油蒿日间的调节幅度高于柠条,且在夜间仍维持一定的气孔开度。油蒿根含水量和小枝水势始终高于柠条,但柠条在夜间的根系吸水能力高于油蒿。油蒿根、茎、叶的可溶性糖含量均高于柠条,在夜间叶片的可溶性糖可大量的传输至根部;柠条根、茎、叶的脯氨酸含量均高于油蒿,油蒿的根和叶片在夜间出现较高的脯氨酸累积。植物生理活动的夜间调整对增强午间抗逆性有一定的作用。This paper studied the circadian variation characteristics of photosynthetic physiology,water physiology,and osmoregulation substance in root,stem and leaf of two excellent sand-fixation plants Artemisia ordosica and Caragana korshinskii.The results indicated that,relative humidity recovered sharply during the night,and the leaf temperature difference was higher than air temperature difference between day and night.Plant showed photosynthesis during the day,and respiration during the night.Both photosynthesis and respiration of A.ordosica was higher than that of C.korshinskii,the photo inhibition caused by photosynthesis in daytime can recovered quickly at the sunset time.Stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were in greater fluctuation in daytime than that at night.In the daytime,the amplitude of accomodation of A.ordosica was higher than that of C.korshinskii,and it also can keep a certain stomatal aperture at night.Water content in root and twigs water potential of A.ordosica were always higher than that of C.korshinskii,but water absorption ability in root of A.ordosica was lower than C.korshinskii at night.The soluble sugar content in root,stem and leaf of A.ordosica was higher than that of C.korshinskii,and the soluble sugar content in leaf of A.ordosica would be largely transmitted to root at night.The proline content in root,stem and leaf of C.korshinskii was higher than that of Artemisia ordosica,and the proline content in root and leaf of A.ordosica would be accumulated a lot at night.All of the above showed that,the adjustment of plant physiological activities at night played a certain role in enhancing plant stress resistance at noon.

关 键 词：固沙植物 光合作用 水分平衡 渗透调节 昼夜变化 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]