聚乙烯醇/淀粉纳米晶复合膜的制备及表征  

Preparation and Characterization of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Starch Nanocrystals Composite Films

作　　者：卞其波 田华峰[1] 王娅茹[1] 刘茜[1] 项爱民[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学材料与机械工程学院,北京100048

出　　处：《中国塑料》2015年第3期95-99,共5页China Plastics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51373004;51203004);北京市教委科研计划面上项目(KM201310011001);教师队伍建设--青年英才计划(YETP1453);科技成果转化--提升计划(PXM2013_014213_000097)

摘　　要：利用蜡质玉米淀粉通过硫酸酸解制备淀粉纳米晶(SN),并采用溶液流延法制备聚乙烯醇(PVA)/SN复合膜,研究SN对复合膜结构和性能的影响。结果表明,制备的SN样品为盘状颗粒,平均直径为30~60 nm;随着SN含量的增加,PVA/SN复合膜的力学性能和阻隔性能均呈现先增后减的变化;在SN含量为10%时,复合膜的拉伸和阻隔性能最好,拉伸强度由纯PVA膜的47 MPa提高至54 MPa,气体透过系数相对于纯PVA膜也降低了70%。Starch nanocrystals(SN) was prepared by sulfuric acid hydrolysis with waxy maize starch as the starting material and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)/SN nanocomposite films were prepared by solution casting method.The effect of SN on the structure and properties of the PVA/SN composite films was studied.The characterization results showed that SN was composed of nano particles as disk shape with an average diameter around 30~60 nm.With the increase of SN in the composite films,both mechanical properties and barrier performance firstly increased and then decreased.When the content of SN increased to 10%,the tensile strength of the composite film reached 54 MPa from 47 MPa of neat PVA film.In addition,the gas permeability of the composite films also decreased 70% compared with the neat film.

关 键 词：聚乙烯醇 淀粉纳米晶 力学性能 阻隔性能 

分 类 号：TQ325.9[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业] TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]