白龙江上游地区森林植被恢复能力的分析  

Study on rehabilitation capacity of forest vegetation in the upper reaches of Bailong River region

作　　者：郭正刚[1] 吴秉礼 王锁民[3] 程国栋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所国家冻土重点实验室,兰州730000 [2]甘肃省林业勘察设计院,兰州730020 [3]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2003年第4期537-543,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 30100129 ;中国科学院创新工程项目 KZCX1-01-10-04

摘　　要：通过对残存林分的天然更新能力、天然次生群落和人工恢复群落的生长状况调查,分析了白龙江上游地区森林植被的恢复能力.结果表明:在人工恢复植被的过程中,营造于海拔3000m以上的人工云杉 Piceaasperata 幼林生长不良,没有成林地分布,而营造于海拔2700～3000m带的人工云杉幼林生长发育良好,并且已成林地的林分结构符合理想同龄林林分结构的分布规律,能够定向培育成森林资源;残存天然林分的更新表现为草类云杉林天然更新良好,残存箭竹云杉林、杜鹃岷江冷杉林 Abiesfaxoniana 和箭竹岷江冷杉林的天然更新不良;采伐迹地上天然次生群落生长良好,更新及时,正处于正向演替阶段.根据影响林分生长的主要因子 海拔、土壤厚度、坡度、坡向 和林分的实际恢复能力,将该地区划分为3个森林植被恢复类型区,并分别提出了相应的恢复措施.Restoration capacity of forest vegetation was analyzed on the basis of the survey of native succession communities and artificial planting communities in the logged stand,and natural regeneration of existing communities in the up reaches of Bailong River region.The results indicated that planting spruce (Picea asperata) communities distributing in the region with above 3 000 m elevation were not good because of bad growth,and that distributing in the elevation zone between 2 700 m and 3 000 m were desirous,which is possible to foster for forest in the artificial restoration because stand structure is in accordance with ideal structure;and that natural regeneration of existing grassspruce communities and growth of native succession communities were good but regeneration of existing bamboospruce and bamboofir (Abies faxoniana) and cuckoofir communities were not good in the process of natural restoration.Three types of vegetation restoration were put forward according to depth of soil,elevation,slope direction,and slope degree,which were main factors affecting stand growth.The study also proposed the restoration measures for corresponding types of vegetation restoration.

关 键 词：残存林分 人工恢复群落 天然次生群落 白龙江上游地区 森林植被 恢复能力 

分 类 号：Q948.12[生物学—植物学] S718.5[农业科学—林学]